One of the particularity of the arboviruses is that they infect two kinds of host : a mammalian host that ensure the maintainance and the amplification of the virus, and an arthropod vector (mosquitoes) that ensure its dissemination. In fact, arboviruses originally circulate in a sylvatic cycle in which the virus is transmitted between non-human primates by zoophilic mosquitoes. During its repeated intrusions into forests (hunting, deforestation…), men are accidentally contaminated by contact with anthropo-zoophilic vectors. Then, anthropophilic vectors ensure the dissemination of arboviruses between humans in urban areas, during the urban cycle. </br></br>

One of the particularity of the arboviruses is that they infect two kinds of host : a mammalian host that ensure the maintainance and the amplification of the virus, and an arthropod vector (mosquitoes) that ensure its dissemination. In fact, arboviruses originally circulate in a sylvatic cycle in which the virus is transmitted between non-human primates by zoophilic mosquitoes. During its repeated intrusions into forests (hunting, deforestation…), men are accidentally contaminated by contact with anthropo-zoophilic vectors. Then, anthropophilic vectors ensure the dissemination of arboviruses between humans in urban areas, during the urban cycle. </br></br>

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Then, an adult mosquito emerges and flies away. Male and female adult mosquitoes are physically distinguishable thanks to a very bushy antennae of the male, allowing it to sense females. While males feed on nectar and sources of sugar, only females are haematophagous because they need supplemental proteins to develop eggs. During blood-feeding, adult female mosquitoes bite people and animals and pumps blood. We don’t feel the bite of the mosquito because of the anesthetic agents injected through its saliva (that contains anticoagulants, anti-inflammatory molecules, and in some cases arboviruses). That’s why a lot of pathogens are transmitted by mosquitoes. </br></br>

Then, an adult mosquito emerges and flies away. Male and female adult mosquitoes are physically distinguishable thanks to a very bushy antennae of the male, allowing it to sense females. While males feed on nectar and sources of sugar, only females are haematophagous because they need supplemental proteins to develop eggs. During blood-feeding, adult female mosquitoes bite people and animals and pumps blood. We don’t feel the bite of the mosquito because of the anesthetic agents injected through its saliva (that contains anticoagulants, anti-inflammatory molecules, and in some cases arboviruses). That’s why a lot of pathogens are transmitted by mosquitoes. </br></br>

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