Difference between revisions of "Team:IIT-Madras/codonut"

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<h1 style="font-family: bold;text-align:center"> CODONUT </h1>
 
<h1 style="font-family: bold;text-align:center"> CODONUT </h1>
  
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<h2 style = "text-align:center">A Game based on codon bias</h2>
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<h2 style = "text-align:center">A Game based on Codon Bias</h2>
  
  
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<p>Codonut game is based on the codon preference phenomenon in cells. Nucleotides code informations in form of codons, each codon translates into one amino acid. There are only 20 amino acids in the cells, but 64 codons are found in RNA encoding proteins. Ribosome, the machinery for making proteins from the information coded in RNA molecules, chooses certain codons over others codon, in which all of them code for one specific amino acid. This is known as codon bias. </p>
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<p> Every cell has it's genetic information stored in the form of DNA. DNA is basically a language of cells, which has only four letters A, T, G and C. Cells follow the commands given by the stored information in DNA. In order to execute the commands, cells convert the information from a stable language into rather less stable one, RNA. RNA also has only four letters A, U, G and C. Information stored in RNA are converted to make proteins. On a given command, cells start reading every three consecutive letters of RNA to code for a single amino acid. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which perform various important actions for cell.</p>
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<p>From the translation of RNA to Protein, a phenomenon, known as, Codon Bias, has been observed. As mentioned above, out of four letters of RNA, cell reads three consecutive letters. In this way, we can have a total of 4*4*4 = 64 triple letters (codon), which code for only 20 amino acids. It leads to a degeneracy that more than one codon can code for one amino acid. In this situation, Ribosome, which does the translation process, chooses one codon from over other codons to code for amino acids. This is Codon Bias.</p>
  
  

Revision as of 09:51, 8 October 2016

CODONUT

A Game based on Codon Bias

Every cell has it's genetic information stored in the form of DNA. DNA is basically a language of cells, which has only four letters A, T, G and C. Cells follow the commands given by the stored information in DNA. In order to execute the commands, cells convert the information from a stable language into rather less stable one, RNA. RNA also has only four letters A, U, G and C. Information stored in RNA are converted to make proteins. On a given command, cells start reading every three consecutive letters of RNA to code for a single amino acid. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which perform various important actions for cell.

From the translation of RNA to Protein, a phenomenon, known as, Codon Bias, has been observed. As mentioned above, out of four letters of RNA, cell reads three consecutive letters. In this way, we can have a total of 4*4*4 = 64 triple letters (codon), which code for only 20 amino acids. It leads to a degeneracy that more than one codon can code for one amino acid. In this situation, Ribosome, which does the translation process, chooses one codon from over other codons to code for amino acids. This is Codon Bias.