Difference between revisions of "Team:Aix-Marseille/Integrated Practices/Environment"
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The average concentration of platinum and palladium can reach values of '''22.74µg/kg''' for platinum and '''120.8µg/kg''' just near the road. As we can forsee, the concentration is dependent of the distance of the road and indeed values fall to 2.04µg/kg and 84.2µg/kg for platinum and palladium respectiveley is measure are carried out 5 meters aways from the road <ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969707006390 Hooda et al., 2007 </ref> | The average concentration of platinum and palladium can reach values of '''22.74µg/kg''' for platinum and '''120.8µg/kg''' just near the road. As we can forsee, the concentration is dependent of the distance of the road and indeed values fall to 2.04µg/kg and 84.2µg/kg for platinum and palladium respectiveley is measure are carried out 5 meters aways from the road <ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969707006390 Hooda et al., 2007 </ref> | ||
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Near roads in Germany, with a heavy traffic of about 16,000 car a days and with a speed limit of 80km/h, platinum concentrations have been estmiated around '''50µg/kg'''. Concentrations in soils town center have even shown a value of '''90µg/kg'''!<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969707007905 Wichmann and al., 2007<ref> | Near roads in Germany, with a heavy traffic of about 16,000 car a days and with a speed limit of 80km/h, platinum concentrations have been estmiated around '''50µg/kg'''. Concentrations in soils town center have even shown a value of '''90µg/kg'''!<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969707007905 Wichmann and al., 2007<ref> | ||
Even greater value have been found, reaching the impressive value of '''132µg/kg'''<ref>http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es061453s Zereini and al., 2007</ref>. | Even greater value have been found, reaching the impressive value of '''132µg/kg'''<ref>http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es061453s Zereini and al., 2007</ref>. | ||
| + | ==Plants== | ||
| + | Plants thriving near the roads accumulate metals as expected as their concentrations for platinum and palladium respectiveley are in average about '''8.64µg/kg''' and '''10µg/kg''' respectiveley<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969707006390 Hooda et al., 2007 </ref>. | ||
| + | Somes species of birch trees are also able to accumulate platinum to a value up to '''1350ng/g''' and ashes from pine trees presents platinum concentration around '''5000ng/g'''<ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825214000063?np=y Reith and al., 2014</ref>. | ||
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| + | Even greater value have been found, reaching the impressive value of '''132µg/kg'''<ref>http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es061453s Zereini and al., 2007</ref>. | ||
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| + | ==Rivers== | ||
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| + | the concentrations found in Rhine river help to realize how concentrations in platinum could increase with the effluents due to the rain washing. Concentration usually found are about 5ng/g but after a rain events (all soils, and surfaces are washed out) this concentration reach a value of '''31.2µg/g''' thus increased a '''thousand''' times <ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825214000063?np=y Reith and al., 2014</ref> | ||
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'''Coal''' | '''Coal''' | ||
