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| − | <title>iGEM TU Delft</title>
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| − | <body id="delft">
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| − | <!-- Carousel
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| − | <div id="homeCarousel" class="carousel slide carousel-home" data-ride="carousel">
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| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/2/2e/T--TU_Delft--header.jpg" alt="">
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| − | <div class="container">
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| − | <h2 class="carousel-title bounceInDown animated slow">TU Delft 2016</h2>
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| − | <h4 class="carousel-subtitle bounceInUp animated slow ">OPTICOLI</h4>
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| − | <h5 class="carousel-subsubtitle bounceInUp animated slow">Producing bacterial lenses and lasers using synthetic biology</h5>
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| − | <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:TU_Delft/Project"><i class="fa fa-flask fa-5x"></i>
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| − | <h3 class="col-title">Project</h3></a>
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| − | <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:TU_Delft/Attributions#sponsors"><i class="fa fa-money fa-5x"></i>
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| − | <h3 class="col-title">Sponsors</h3></a>
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| − | <h3 class="col-title">Hardware</h3></a>
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| − | <p style="font-family: Arial Black font-weight: 900">We use DNA from sponges to create a little glass-like layer around our cells.</p>
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| − | <div class="section-home home-reasons">
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| − | <h3 class="reasons-title">BIOLENSES</h3>
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| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/7/71/TU_Delft_frontlens.png" alt="lenses">
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| − | <p>The goal of our <strong>microlenses</strong> is to increase the fraction of light captured by solar cells and cameras. To produce microlenses, we expressed the enzyme <strong>silicatein</strong> in our engineered cells, which catalyzes polymerization of silicic acid <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:TU_Delft#references">(Cha et al., 1999)</a>. This resulted in a <strong>biosilica layer</strong> around the cell <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:TU_Delft#references">(MULLER et al., 2008)</a>. We also overexpressed the gene <i>bolA</i> in our silica covered cells, which produces a round cell shape when overexpressed <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:TU_Delft#references">(Aldea & Concha, 1988)</a>. Together this allows the cell to function as a microlens. When we make a grid of lenses, a <strong>microlens array</strong>, we can use the lens for a coating for solar panels, thin lightweight cameras with high resolution or 3D screens.</p>
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| − | <h3 class="reasons-title">BIOLASERS</h3>
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| − | <p>The goal of our <strong>biolasers</strong> is to improve current imaging techniques by increasing the fluorescence output of the cells and by narrowing the wavelength spectrum of the light emitted by the cells. We did this by expressing <strong>fluorescent proteins</strong> within our <strong>biosilica</strong>-covered cells. When exciting the fluorophores, a fraction of the photons are trapped inside the cell by the biosilica layer. These photons excite other fluorescent proteins and <strong>stimulated emission</strong> occurs. This process results in light with a higher intensity and a narrower colour spectrum compared to conventional fluorescence.</p>
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| − | <h4 class="footer-title">References</h4>
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| − | <li>Aldea, M., & Concha, H. C. (1988). Identification, Cloning, and Expression of bolA, an ftsZ-Dependent Morphogene of Escherichia coli. <i>Journal of Bacteriology</i>.</li>
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| − | <li>Cha, J. N., Shimizu, K., Zhou, Y., Christiansen, S. C., Chmelka, B. F., Stucky, G. D., & Morse, D. E. (1999). Silicatein filaments and subunits from a marine sponge direct the polymerization of silica and silicones in vitro.<i> Biochemistry, 96</i>, 361–365.</li>
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| − | <li>MULLER, W., ENGEL, S., WANG, X., WOLF, S., TREMEL, W., THAKUR, N., … SCHRODER, H. (2008). Bioencapsulation of living bacteria (Escherichia coli) with poly(silicate) after transformation with silicatein-α gene. <i>Biomaterials</i>, 29(7), 771–779. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.10.038</li>
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