Difference between revisions of "Team:NYMU-Taipei/HP/Gold-Law and Policy"

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<p style="font-size:16px;">Sustainable agriculture is a global trend.  Many countries are keeping up changing their law in order to build up an eco-friendly farming environment.  However, Taiwan’s law is a little outdated.  Thus, we compare law and regulation of biological control of US, European Union, and China.  Hope to find out which part is Taiwan’ s law needed to take close look of.</p><br />
 
<p style="font-size:16px;">Sustainable agriculture is a global trend.  Many countries are keeping up changing their law in order to build up an eco-friendly farming environment.  However, Taiwan’s law is a little outdated.  Thus, we compare law and regulation of biological control of US, European Union, and China.  Hope to find out which part is Taiwan’ s law needed to take close look of.</p><br />
  
<p style="font-size:16px;">Content:</p>
+
<h2 style="margin-top:90px; margin-bottom:10px; line-height: 24px;">Comparison of pesticide registration application</h2><hr />
<li style="list-style-type:decimal;"><p style="font-size:16px;">Comparison of pesticide registration application:</p></li>
+
 
<table border="1" style="margin-top:-50px;">
 
<table border="1" style="margin-top:-50px;">
 
 <tr>
 
 <tr>
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<p style="font-size:16px;">Let’s search further in law and regulation from those three countries and Union!</p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;">Let’s search further in law and regulation from those three countries and Union!</p>
  
<li style="list-style-type:decimal;"><p style="font-size:16px;">US Regulations</p></li>
+
<h2 style="margin-top:30px; margin-bottom:10px;">US Regulations</h2><hr>
 +
 
 
<p style="font-size:16px;"><b>What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?</b></p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;"><b>What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?</b></p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;">Biological pesticides co are certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain mineral</p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;">Biological pesticides co are certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain mineral</p>
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<p style="font-size:16px;">40 CFR 158.2150: Data from Studies that Determine Hazard to Nontarget Organisms and Environmental Fate</p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;">40 CFR 158.2150: Data from Studies that Determine Hazard to Nontarget Organisms and Environmental Fate</p>
  
<li style="list-style-type:decimal;"><p style="font-size:16px;">European Union Regulations</p></li>
+
<h2 style="margin-top:30px; margin-bottom:10px;">European Union Regulations</h2><hr>
 +
 
 
<p style="font-size:16px;"><b>What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?</b></p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;"><b>What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?</b></p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;">None.  They use “active substances” to classify the pesticide.  According to Regulation 1107/2009, there are “chemical substance” and “microbial” two classes.</p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;">None.  They use “active substances” to classify the pesticide.  According to Regulation 1107/2009, there are “chemical substance” and “microbial” two classes.</p>
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<p style="font-size:16px;"><a href="http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/index_en.htm">http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/index_en.htm</a></p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;"><a href="http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/index_en.htm">http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/index_en.htm</a></p>
  
<li style="list-style-type:decimal;"><p style="font-size:16px;">China Regulations</p></li>
+
<h2 style="margin-top:30px; margin-bottom:10px;">China Regulations</h2><hr>
 +
 
 
<p style="font-size:16px;"><b>What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?</b></p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;"><b>What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?</b></p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;">Microbial including bacteria, fungi, virus, and genetically modified microbial.</p>
 
<p style="font-size:16px;">Microbial including bacteria, fungi, virus, and genetically modified microbial.</p>

Revision as of 18:40, 19 October 2016


Law and Policy


Sustainable agriculture is a global trend. Many countries are keeping up changing their law in order to build up an eco-friendly farming environment. However, Taiwan’s law is a little outdated. Thus, we compare law and regulation of biological control of US, European Union, and China. Hope to find out which part is Taiwan’ s law needed to take close look of.


Comparison


                                                                                                                                                         
USEuropean UnionChinaTaiwan
Applicant infomationVVVV
Product ChemistryVVVV
Data from Studies that Determine Hazard to Humans and Domestic AnimalsVVVV
Residue ChemistryVV
Data from Studies that Determine Hazard to Nontarget OrganismsVVV
Environmental FateVV
Product PerformanceVVV
Applicator/User Exposure V
Studies
AdvertisementsVV

According the table above, we suggest that Taiwan’s lawmakers need to be aware of the regulation of “Residue Chemistry” and “advertisement” since there are more than two countries in the world take seriously about these parts.

Let’s search further in law and regulation from those three countries and Union!

US Regulations


What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?

Biological pesticides co are certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain mineral

Requirements

New pesticide application needs to pass the “pre-registration meeting” first. The applicant also need to hand in the required data. Then the next step is the assessment.

Reference

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA)

40 CFR 158.2120: (1) Product Chemistry (2) Specifications

40 CFR 158.2130: Residue Chemistry

40 CFR 158.2140: Data from Studies that Determine Hazard to Humans and Domestic Animals

40 CFR 158.2150: Data from Studies that Determine Hazard to Nontarget Organisms and Environmental Fate

European Union Regulations


What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?

None. They use “active substances” to classify the pesticide. According to Regulation 1107/2009, there are “chemical substance” and “microbial” two classes.

Requirements

First, new pesticide should pass the active substances test. Then hand in to the European Food Safety Authority(EFSA). Next, they will hand in to European Commission(EC). After pass all the tests, they will give the EU members to do the product check and then launch the product in their country.

Reference

Commission Regulation No. 544/2011

Commission Regulation No. 545/2011

Commission Regulation No. 396/2005

http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/index_en.htm

China Regulations


What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?

Microbial including bacteria, fungi, virus, and genetically modified microbial.

Requirements

Product Chemistry and data of Hazard to Humans and Domestic Animals are required. Others like the data of the pesticide efficiency and residue chemistry in other countries is also required. The special requirement of microbial is to provide the characteristic of the microbial.

Reference

农药管理条例

http://www.moa.gov.cn/ztzl/zjyqwgz/zcfg/201007/t20100717_1601261.htm

农药登记资料要求

http://www.moa.gov.cn/zwllm/zcfg/qtbmgz/200601/t20060123_540594.htm


Law and Policy


Sustainable agriculture is a global trend. Many countries are keeping up changing their law in order to build up an eco-friendly farming environment. However, Taiwan’s law is a little outdated. Thus, we compare law and regulation of biological control of US, European Union, and China. Hope to find out which part is Taiwan’ s law needed to take close look of.


Comparison of pesticide registration application


                                                                                                                                                         
USEuropean UnionChinaTaiwan
Applicant infomationVVVV
Product ChemistryVVVV
Data from Studies that Determine Hazard to Humans and Domestic AnimalsVVVV
Residue ChemistryVV
Data from Studies that Determine Hazard to Nontarget OrganismsVVV
Environmental FateVV
Product PerformanceVVV
Applicator/User Exposure V
Studies
AdvertisementsVV

According the table above, we suggest that Taiwan’s lawmakers need to be aware of the regulation of “Residue Chemistry” and “advertisement” since there are more than two countries in the world take seriously about these parts.

Let’s search further in law and regulation from those three countries and Union!

US Regulations


What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?

Biological pesticides co are certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain mineral

Requirements

New pesticide application needs to pass the “pre-registration meeting” first. The applicant also need to hand in the required data(超連結: https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-registration/data-requirements-pesticide-registration). Then the next step is the assessment.

Reference

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA)

40 CFR 158.2120: (1) Product Chemistry (2) Specifications

40 CFR 158.2130: Residue Chemistry

40 CFR 158.2140: Data from Studies that Determine Hazard to Humans and Domestic Animals

40 CFR 158.2150: Data from Studies that Determine Hazard to Nontarget Organisms and Environmental Fate

European Union Regulations


What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?

None. They use “active substances” to classify the pesticide. According to Regulation 1107/2009, there are “chemical substance” and “microbial” two classes.

Requirements

First, new pesticide should pass the active substances test. Then hand in to the European Food Safety Authority(EFSA). Next, they will hand in to European Commission(EC). After pass all the tests, they will give the EU members to do the product check and then launch the product in their country.

Reference

Commission Regulation No. 544/2011

Commission Regulation No. 545/2011

Commission Regulation No. 396/2005

http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/index_en.htm

China Regulations


What are Biological pesticides(Biopesticides)?

Microbial including bacteria, fungi, virus, and genetically modified microbial.

Requirements

Product Chemistry and data of Hazard to Humans and Domestic Animals are required. Others like the data of the pesticide efficiency and residue chemistry in other countries is also required. The special requirement of microbial is to provide the characteristic of the microbial.

Reference

农药管理条例

http://www.moa.gov.cn/ztzl/zjyqwgz/zcfg/201007/t20100717_1601261.htm

农药登记资料要求

http://www.moa.gov.cn/zwllm/zcfg/qtbmgz/200601/t20060123_540594.htm