Difference between revisions of "Team:Dundee Schools/Description"

 
Line 6: Line 6:
  
 
#sideMenu, #top_title {display:none;}
 
#sideMenu, #top_title {display:none;}
−
#content { padding:0px; width:1350px; margin-top:35px; margin-left:-20px;background-color:#bcc8dd;position:absolute;}
+
#content { padding:0px; width:1000px; margin-top:-7px; margin-left:0px;}
 +
body {background-color:#bcc8dd; }
 +
#bodyContent h1, #bodyContent h2, #bodyContent h3, #bodyContent h4, #bodyContent h5 { margin-bottom: 0px; }
  
 +
/********************************* MENU ********************************/
 +
/* Wrapper for the menu */
 +
.menu_wrapper {
 +
width:150px;
 +
height:100vh;
 +
position:fixed;
 +
padding:0px;
 +
float:left;
 +
background-color:#a8bce1;
 +
text-align:left;
 +
}
  
−
body {  
+
/* styling for the menu items */
−
    background-color:#bcc8dd;
+
.menu_item {
−
    list-style-type:none;
+
width:100%;  
−
    width:100%;
+
margin:-2px 0px 0px -20px;  
−
    height:auto;
+
padding: 10px 10px;
−
    list-style:none;
+
border-bottom: 1px solid white;  
−
    overflow-x:hidden;
+
font-weight:bold;
−
    overflow-y:scroll;
+
color:white;  
−
    padding:0;
+
cursor: pointer;  
−
    margin:0;
+
}
−
    font-family:Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+
−
    position:absolute;
+
−
}
+
  
 +
/* when hovering on a menu item */
 +
.menu_item:hover {
 +
color:#000000;
 +
background-color: #c4d1e9;
 +
}
  
−
/***Nav bar***/
+
/* decoration icon for the menu buttons*/
−
.ul {
+
.icon {
−
    list-style-type:none;
+
float:right;
−
    list-style:none;
+
font-size:16px;  
−
    margin:20px 0px 0px -20px;
+
font-weight:bold;  
−
    top:12px;
+
}
−
    width:100%;
+
−
    height:auto;
+
/* this is the icon for when the content is collapsed */
−
    padding:0;
+
.plus::before {
−
    overflow: hidden;
+
content: "+";  
−
    background-color:#a8bce1;
+
}
−
    position:fixed;
+
/* this is the icon for when the content is expanded */
−
    z-index:20;
+
.less::before {
−
}
+
content: "–";  
 +
}
  
−
li {
+
/* styling for the ul that creates the buttons */
−
    float:left;
+
ul.menu_items {
−
}
+
width:100%;
 +
margin-left:0px;
 +
padding:0px;
 +
list-style: none;  
 +
}
  
−
li .a, .dropbtn {
+
/* styling for the li that are the menu items */
−
    display: inline-block;
+
.menu_items li {  
−
    color: white;
+
width:90%;
−
    text-align: center;
+
margin-top:-2px;
−
    padding: 14px 14px;
+
padding: 15px 0px 15px 15px ;
−
    text-decoration: none;
+
display:block;
−
}
+
border-bottom: 1px solid #d3d3d3;
 +
text-align:left;  
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
text-decoration:none;  
 +
color:white;
 +
list-style-type:none;
 +
cursor:pointer;
 +
-webkit-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
-moz-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
-ms-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
-o-transition: all 0.4s ease; transition: all 0.4s ease; 
 +
}
  
−
li .a:hover, .dropdown:hover .dropbtn {
+
.menu_item a {
−
    background-color:#c4d1e9;
+
width: 100%;
−
    color:black;
+
margin-left: -20px;
−
}
+
padding: 11px 90px 12px 20px;
 +
text-decoration: none;
 +
color:white;
 +
}
  
−
li.dropdown {
+
/* When hovering on a menu item */
−
    display: inline-block;
+
.menu_items li:hover {  
−
    z-index:20;
+
background-color:#a8bce1;
−
}
+
color: #000000;
 +
}
  
−
.dropdown-content {
+
/* styling for the submenus */
−
    display: none;
+
.submenu {
−
    position: absolute;
+
width:100%;  
−
    background-color: #c4d1e9;
+
display: none;
−
    position:fixed;
+
font-weight:bold;
−
    z-index:20;
+
cursor:pointer;  
  
−
}
+
}
  
−
.dropdown-content .a {
+
/* moving the margin for the submenu ul list */
−
    color: white;
+
ul.submenu {  
−
    padding: 12px 12px;
+
width: 100%;
−
    border-bottom:1px solid #a8bce1;
+
margin: 10px 0px -11px 0px;
−
    text-decoration: none;
+
list-style: none;
−
    display: block;
+
}
−
    text-align: left;
+
−
}
+
  
−
.dropdown-content .a:hover {background-color:#a8bce1;color:black;}
+
/*styling for the submenu buttons */
 +
.submenu li {  
 +
width: 100%;
 +
margin-left: 10px;
 +
margin-bottom: 0px;
 +
}
  
−
.dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {
 
−
    display: block;
 
−
}
 
  
 +
/* hover state for the submenu buttons */
 +
.submenu li a {
 +
width: 100%;
 +
padding: 5px 10px;
 +
display: inline-block;
 +
border-bottom: 1px solid white;
 +
background-color:#c1cfe8;
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
color:white;
 +
}
  
−
/**Layout**/
 
  
−
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
 
−
  color:white;
 
−
  margin-left:40px;
 
−
  margin-bottom:2px;
 
−
  padding:0px;
 
−
  display:block;
 
−
  z-index:2;
 
−
}
 
  
−
img {
+
.submenu li a:hover  {
−
  height:auto;
+
background-color:#a3b6d7;  
−
  width:auto;
+
color:black;
−
  margin-left:20px;
+
}
−
  display:inline-block;
+
−
  z-index:1;
+
−
}
+
  
−
#header {
 
−
  width:100vw;
 
−
  display:block;
 
−
  height:auto;
 
−
}
 
  
−
p {
+
/* When the screen is smaller than 680px, the menu has the option to hide/show - this button controls that */
−
  float:left;
+
.collapsable_menu_control {  
−
  clear:both;
+
width:100%;  
−
  color:white;
+
padding: 15px 0px;
−
  width:90%;
+
display:none;  
−
  font-size:18px;
+
background-color:#000000;  
−
  margin:0px 0px 10px 40px;
+
text-align:center;
−
  display:block;
+
font-weight:bold;  
−
  z-index:2;
+
color:#72c9b6;
−
}
+
cursor:pointer;  
−
 
+
-webkit-transition: all 0.4s ease;  
−
.left_text {
+
-moz-transition: all 0.4s ease;  
−
  color:white;
+
-ms-transition: all 0.4s ease;  
−
  background-color:#f1f89b;
+
-o-transition: all 0.4s ease;  
−
  width:42.5%;
+
transition: all 0.4s ease;  
−
  height:auto;
+
}
−
  margin:0px 0px 10px 40px;
+
−
  padding:10px 3px;
+
−
  display:inline-block;
+
−
  float:left;
+
−
}
+
−
 
+
−
.right_text {
+
−
  color:white;
+
−
  background-color:#eead69;
+
−
  width:42.5%;
+
−
  height:auto;
+
−
  margin:0px 0px 10px 40px;
+
−
  padding:10px 3px;
+
−
  display:inline-block;
+
−
  float:right;
+
−
}
+
−
 
+
−
a {
+
−
  color:#7db3d8;
+
−
  text-decoration:none;
+
−
}
+
−
 
+
−
a:hover {
+
−
  color:white;
+
−
  text-weight:bold;
+
−
  text-decoration:none;
+
−
}
+
  
 
/* when hovering on that button */
 
/* when hovering on that button */
Line 161: Line 162:
 
}
 
}
  
 +
/********************************* CONTENT OF THE PAGE ********************************/
  
 +
/* Wrapper for the content */
 +
.content_wrapper {
 +
width: 85%;
 +
margin-left:150px;
 +
padding:10px 0px;
 +
float:left;
 +
background-color:white;
 +
}
  
 +
/*LAYOUT */
 +
.column  {
 +
padding: 10px 0px;
 +
float:left;
 +
background-color:white;
 +
}
  
 +
.full_size {
 +
width:100%;
 +
}
 +
 +
.full_size img {
 +
padding: 10px 15px;
 +
width:96.5%;
 +
}
 +
 +
.half_size {
 +
width: 50%;
 +
}
 +
.half_size img {
 +
padding: 10px 15px;
 +
width: 93%;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
.clear {
 +
clear:both;
 +
}
 +
 +
.highlight {
 +
width: 90%;
 +
margin: auto;
 +
padding: 15px 5px;
 +
background-color: #f2f2f2;
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/*STYLING */
 +
 +
/* styling for the titles */
 +
.content_wrapper h1, .content_wrapper h2 {
 +
padding:5px 15px;
 +
border-bottom:0px;
 +
color:#72c9b6;
 +
 +
}
 +
.content_wrapper h3, .content_wrapper h4, .content_wrapper h5, .content_wrapper h6 {
 +
padding:5px 15px;
 +
border-bottom:0px;
 +
color: #000000; 
 +
}
 +
 +
 +
/* font and text */
 +
.content_wrapper p {
 +
padding:0px 15px;
 +
font-size: 13px;
 +
font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;
 +
}
 +
 +
/* Links */
 +
.content_wrapper a {
 +
font-weight: bold;
 +
text-decoration: underline;
 +
text-decoration-color:#72c9b6;
 +
color: #72c9b6;
 +
-webkit-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
-moz-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
-ms-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
-o-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
}
 +
 +
/* hover for the links */
 +
.content_wrapper a:hover {
 +
text-decoration:none;
 +
color:#000000;
 +
}
 +
 +
/* non numbered lists */
 +
.content_wrapper ul {
 +
padding:0px 20px;
 +
font-size: 13px;
 +
font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;
 +
}
 +
 +
/* numbered lists */
 +
.content_wrapper ol {
 +
padding:0px;
 +
font-size: 13px;
 +
font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;
 +
}
 +
 +
/* Table */
 +
.content_wrapper table {
 +
width: 97%;
 +
margin:15px 10px;
 +
border: 1px solid #d3d3d3;
 +
border-collapse: collapse;
 +
}
 +
 +
/* table cells */
 +
.content_wrapper  td {
 +
padding: 10px;
 +
vertical-align: text-top;
 +
border: 1px solid #d3d3d3;
 +
border-collapse: collapse;
 +
}
 +
 +
/* table headers */
 +
.content_wrapper th {
 +
padding: 10px;
 +
vertical-align: text-top;
 +
border: 1px solid #d3d3d3;
 +
border-collapse: collapse;
 +
background-color:#f2f2f2;
 +
}
 +
 +
/* Button class */
 +
.button_click {
 +
margin: 10px auto;
 +
padding: 15px; width:12%; 
 +
text-align:center;
 +
font-weight:bold;
 +
background-color: #72c9b6;
 +
cursor:pointer; 
 +
-webkit-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
-moz-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
-ms-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
-o-transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
transition: all 0.4s ease;
 +
}
 +
 +
/* button class on hover */
 +
.button_click:hover { 
 +
background-color:#000000;
 +
color:#72c9b6;
 +
}
  
 
/********************************* RESPONSIVE STYLING ********************************/
 
/********************************* RESPONSIVE STYLING ********************************/
Line 170: Line 317:
  
 
@media only screen and (max-width: 1000px) {
 
@media only screen and (max-width: 1000px) {
−
            li .a, .dropbtn {
+
 
−
              padding: 14px 5px;
+
#content {width:100%; }
−
            }
+
.menu_wrapper {width:15%;}
−
            .dropdown-content .a {
+
.content_wrapper {margin-left: 15%;}
−
              padding: 14px 8px;
+
.menu_item {display:block;}
−
            }
+
.icon {display:none;}
−
            #content{max-width:1000px}
+
.highlight {padding:10px 0px;}
−
            #header{width:100%}
+
 
}
 
}
  
Line 184: Line 330:
  
 
@media only screen and (max-width: 680px) {
 
@media only screen and (max-width: 680px) {
−
            li .a, .dropbtn {
+
.collapsable_menu_control { display:block;}
−
              padding: 12px 2px;
+
.menu_item {display:none;}
−
            }
+
.menu_wrapper { width:100%; height: 15%; position:relative;}
−
            .dropdown-content .a {
+
.content_wrapper {width:100%; margin-left:0px;}
−
              padding: 12px 4px;
+
.column.half_size {width:100%; }
−
            }
+
.column img { width: 100%; padding: 5px 0px;}
−
            #content{max-width:1000px;display:block;}
+
.icon {display:block;}
−
            #header{width:100%}
+
.highlight {padding:15px 5px;}
 
}
 
}
  
 
</style>
 
</style>
  
 +
 +
 +
 +
<!--- THIS IS WHERE THE HTML BEGINS --->
 +
 +
 +
<!-- This tells the browser that your page is responsive -->
  
 
<head>  
 
<head>  
 
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">  
 
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">  
−
        <title>Dundee_Schools 2016:</title>
 
 
</head>
 
</head>
  
  
−
<body>
 
  
−
<!--Nav bar-->
 
−
<ul class="ul">
 
−
  <li><a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools">HOME</a></li>
 
−
  <li class="dropdown">
 
−
    <a class="a" href="#" class="dropbtn">TEAM</a>
 
−
    <div class="dropdown-content">
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Team">Meet the Agents</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Collaborations">Collaborations</a>
 
−
    </div>
 
−
  </li>
 
−
  <li class="dropdown">
 
−
    <a class="a" href="#" class="dropbtn">PROJECT</a>
 
−
    <div class="dropdown-content">
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Description">Description</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Design">Design</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Proof">Proof of Concept</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Model">Modelling</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Medals">Medals</a>
 
−
    </div>
 
−
  </li>
 
−
  <li class="dropdown">
 
−
    <a class="a" href="#" class="dropbtn">PARTS</a>
 
−
    <div class="dropdown-content">
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Parts">Parts</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Basic_Part">Basic</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Composite_Part">Composite</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Part_Collection">Part Collection</a>
 
−
    </div>
 
−
  </li>
 
−
  <li class="dropdown">
 
−
    <a class="a" href="#" class="dropbtn">LAB WORK</a>
 
−
    <div class="dropdown-content">
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Experiments">Experiments</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Results">Results</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Safety">Safety</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Notebook">Notebook</a>
 
−
    </div>
 
−
  </li>
 
−
  <li class="dropdown">
 
−
    <a class="a" href="#" class="dropbtn" style="list-style:none;">HUMAN PRACTICES</a>
 
−
    <div class="dropdown-content">
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Human_Practices">Human Practices</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/HP/Silver">Silver</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/HP/Gold">Gold</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Integrated_Practices">Integrated practices</a>
 
−
      <a class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Engagement">Engagement</a>
 
−
    </div>
 
−
  </li>
 
−
  <li><a style="list-style:none;" class="a" href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Attributions">ATTRIBUTIONS</a></li>
 
−
</ul>
 
  
 +
<div class="menu_wrapper" >
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +
<div class="collapsable_menu_control"> MENU ▤ </div>
 +
 +
<ul id="accordion" class="accordion">
 +
 +
<li class="menu_item"> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools">HOME </a> </li>
 +
 +
 +
<li class="menu_item"> <div class="icon plus"></div> TEAM
 +
<ul class="submenu">
 +
<li> <a href=" https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Team"> Meet the Agents  </a> </li>
 +
<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Collaborations"> Collaborations </a> </li>
 +
                    </ul>
 +
                </li>
 +
 +
<li class="menu_item"> <div class="icon plus"></div> PROJECT 
 +
<ul class="submenu">
 +
<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Description">  Description </a></li>
 +
<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Design"> Design </a></li>
 +
<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Experiments"> Experiments </a></li>
 +
<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Proof"> Proof of Concept </a></li>
 +
<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Results"> Results </a></li>
 +
<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Notebook"> Notebook </a></li>
 +
                    </ul>
 +
                </li>
 +
 +
<li class="menu_item"> <div class="icon plus"></div> PARTS 
 +
<ul class="submenu">
 +
<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Parts">Parts </a></li>
 +
<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Basic_Part"> Basic Parts </a></li>
 +
<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Composite_Part"> Composite Parts </a></li>
 +
<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Part_Collection"> Part Collection </a></li>
 +
                    </ul>
 +
                </li>
 +
 +
 +
<li class="menu_item"> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Safety"> SAFETY </a> </li>
 +
 +
 +
<li class="menu_item"> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Attributions"> ATTRIBUTIONS </a></li>
 +
 +
 +
<li class="menu_item"> <div class="icon plus"></div> HUMAN PRACTICES
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<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Human_Practices"> Human Practices </a></li>
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<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/HP/Gold">Gold </a></li>
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<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Integrated_Practices"> Integrated Practices </a></li>
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<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Engagement"> Engagement </a></li>
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<li class="menu_item"> <div class="icon plus"></div> AWARDS
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<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Model">Modelling </a></li>
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<li> <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Medals">Medals</a></li>
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<p style="margin-top:20px;">In the media, we are used to seeing TV adverts of people in developing countries being forced to choose between drinking unsanitary water or dehydration. These adverts often contain a message along the lines of 'every drop could kill'; what is it precisely that's making this water so dangerous? Bacterial infections. And that's where we decided to come in:</p>
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<p>In the media, we are used to seeing TV adverts of people in developing countries being forced to choose between drinking unsanitary water or dehydration. These adverts often contain a message along the lines of 'every drop could kill'; what is it precisely that's making this water so dangerous? Disease-causing bacteria. And that's where we decided to come in:</p>
  
 
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/6/6a/T--Dundee_Schools--mascotglasses.gif"/>
 
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/6/6a/T--Dundee_Schools--mascotglasses.gif"/>
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<p>We have achieved this by utilising the natural process of RNA interference (RNAi). For this, we have designed, constructed and/or characterised a number of different <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Basic_Part">basic</a> and <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Composite_Part">composite</a> parts which would work together to effectively inhibit the virulence of our target bacteria.</p>
 
<p>We have achieved this by utilising the natural process of RNA interference (RNAi). For this, we have designed, constructed and/or characterised a number of different <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Basic_Part">basic</a> and <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Composite_Part">composite</a> parts which would work together to effectively inhibit the virulence of our target bacteria.</p>
  
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<h3>More about our target conditions...</h3>
 
<h4>Cholera</h4>
 
<h4>Cholera</h4>
 
<p>Cholera is a bacterial infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium <i>Vibrio cholerae</i>, which enters the body via ingestion of contaminated food or water. Without proper treatment, severe dehydration and even death can occur within hours due to the infection's three main symptoms of vomiting, nausea and diarrhoea.</p>
 
<p>Cholera is a bacterial infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium <i>Vibrio cholerae</i>, which enters the body via ingestion of contaminated food or water. Without proper treatment, severe dehydration and even death can occur within hours due to the infection's three main symptoms of vomiting, nausea and diarrhoea.</p>
  
 
<p>Cholera infects around 3-5 million people worldwide and causes around 58,000-130,000 deaths per year.</p>
 
<p>Cholera infects around 3-5 million people worldwide and causes around 58,000-130,000 deaths per year.</p>
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<h4>Shigellosis</h4>
 
<h4>Shigellosis</h4>
 
<p>Shigellosis is caused by the bacteria belonging to the genus <i>Shigella</i>. It is another food and waterborne illness, which rarely occurs in any animals apart from humans. It is frequently found in water sources that are contaminated with human faeces, and is a major cause of illness in developing countries. The symptoms are very similar to those of cholera, and fatalities are caused in much the same way.</p>
 
<p>Shigellosis is caused by the bacteria belonging to the genus <i>Shigella</i>. It is another food and waterborne illness, which rarely occurs in any animals apart from humans. It is frequently found in water sources that are contaminated with human faeces, and is a major cause of illness in developing countries. The symptoms are very similar to those of cholera, and fatalities are caused in much the same way.</p>
  
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<p>Shigellosis infects around 163 million people worldwide and causes 1 million deaths annually.
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<p>Shigellosis infects around 163 million people worldwide and causes 1 million deaths annually.</p>
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<p>Surprisingly, both of these bacterial infections are actually fairly easiy fought off by the human immune system. The problem for people in developing countries? They can only be successfully fought off if the affected individual is properly hydrated.</p>
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<p>Surprisingly, both of these bacterial infections are actually fairly easily fought off by the human immune system. The problem for people in developing countries? They can only be successfully fought off if the affected individual is properly hydrated.</p>
  
 
<p>We created two modular synthetic devices called S.O.R.D and spiRNA, that work together to target these infections. You can read all about them <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Design">here</a></p>
 
<p>We created two modular synthetic devices called S.O.R.D and spiRNA, that work together to target these infections. You can read all about them <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Dundee_Schools/Design">here</a></p>
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<h4>Part Improvement</h4>
 
<h4>Part Improvement</h4>
 
<p>In order to see if our cells were secreting osmY (a protein naturally secreted by <i>E. Coli</i>) and so our sRNA, we needed a way to track it. To do this, we added a HA tag to a pre-existing part in the registry from the Washington 2012 team, <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K892008">BBa_K892008</a>, to be able to detect in western blot tests whether our cells were secreting osmY.
 
<p>In order to see if our cells were secreting osmY (a protein naturally secreted by <i>E. Coli</i>) and so our sRNA, we needed a way to track it. To do this, we added a HA tag to a pre-existing part in the registry from the Washington 2012 team, <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K892008">BBa_K892008</a>, to be able to detect in western blot tests whether our cells were secreting osmY.
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Latest revision as of 01:58, 20 October 2016

MENU ▤

In the media, we are used to seeing TV adverts of people in developing countries being forced to choose between drinking unsanitary water or dehydration. These adverts often contain a message along the lines of 'every drop could kill'; what is it precisely that's making this water so dangerous? Disease-causing bacteria. And that's where we decided to come in:

We chose to focus on the diseases cholera and Shigellosis - two of the main culprits contributing to unclean drinking water related fatalities - due to the sheer scale of deaths they cause per year and as neither has an affordable, readily available cure for affected people in developing countries. Their respective bacteria (Vibrio cholerae for Cholera, Shigella for Shigellosis) are also similar both to each other and to the bacterium we chose as a model, E. coli, meaning they were a perfect fit for our project.

Ultimately, our final product developed into what is mainly a preventative method; it stops Vibrio cholerae and Shigella from becoming virulent, and so renders them harmless.

We have achieved this by utilising the natural process of RNA interference (RNAi). For this, we have designed, constructed and/or characterised a number of different basic and composite parts which would work together to effectively inhibit the virulence of our target bacteria.

More about our target conditions...

Cholera

Cholera is a bacterial infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which enters the body via ingestion of contaminated food or water. Without proper treatment, severe dehydration and even death can occur within hours due to the infection's three main symptoms of vomiting, nausea and diarrhoea.

Cholera infects around 3-5 million people worldwide and causes around 58,000-130,000 deaths per year.

Shigellosis

Shigellosis is caused by the bacteria belonging to the genus Shigella. It is another food and waterborne illness, which rarely occurs in any animals apart from humans. It is frequently found in water sources that are contaminated with human faeces, and is a major cause of illness in developing countries. The symptoms are very similar to those of cholera, and fatalities are caused in much the same way.

Shigellosis infects around 163 million people worldwide and causes 1 million deaths annually.

Surprisingly, both of these bacterial infections are actually fairly easily fought off by the human immune system. The problem for people in developing countries? They can only be successfully fought off if the affected individual is properly hydrated.

We created two modular synthetic devices called S.O.R.D and spiRNA, that work together to target these infections. You can read all about them here

Part Improvement

In order to see if our cells were secreting osmY (a protein naturally secreted by E. Coli) and so our sRNA, we needed a way to track it. To do this, we added a HA tag to a pre-existing part in the registry from the Washington 2012 team, BBa_K892008, to be able to detect in western blot tests whether our cells were secreting osmY.