Difference between revisions of "Team:Manchester/Safety"

 
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<style>
 
<style>
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.text1{
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    margin-top:50px;
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}
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.invisibletex{
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    visibility:hidden;
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    height:550px;
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}
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.fixed_height{
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    width:100%;
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    height:540px;
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}
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.floatright{
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    float:right;
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}
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.height320{
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    height: 320px;
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    line-height:320px;
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}
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 +
.height100{
 +
    height: 100px;
 +
    line-height: 100px;
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}
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.height370{
 +
    height:370px;
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}
 +
 +
.topbottom50{
 +
    margin-top: 50px;margin-bottom:50px;
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}
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bottom50{
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    margin-bottom: 50px;
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}
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.top20{
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    margin-top:20px;
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}
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.top50{
 +
    margin-top:50px;
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}
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img.safetybanner{
 +
    width:500px;
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    margin-top:50px;
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}
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img.safety_title{
 +
    width:20%;
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}
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.safety_subtitle{
 +
    width: 80%;
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}
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 +
.safety_tables{
 +
    width:700px;
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}
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 +
.futureplans{
 +
    width:130px;
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}
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.boxalign{
 +
    display:none;
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    width:100%;
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    height: 400px;
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}
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.floatleft{
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    float:left;
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}
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.height120{
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    height:120px;
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}
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−
div a{
+
div a, p, ul, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, map, area, img{
 
     position: relative;
 
     position: relative;
 
     z-index:100;
 
     z-index:100;
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     text-align: left;
 
     text-align: left;
 
}
 
}
 +
 +
@media screen and (max-width: 1250px) {
 +
    img.safetybanner{width:90%;}
 +
    map{display:none}
 +
    .safety26, .height370{width:95%; text-align:center; height:400px;}
 +
    .invisibletext, .invisibletex{display:none}
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    .fixed_height{height:auto}
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    .height120{height:120px;}
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}
 +
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@media screen and (max-width: 700px) {
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    img.safetybanner{width:90%}
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    img.safety_title{width:40%}
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    .safety_subtitle{width:150px}
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    img.safety_tables{width:90%}
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    img.future_plans{width:90%}
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    .floatright{float:none}
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    .induction{margin-top:80px;}
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    .fixed_height{height:auto}
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    .invisibletext, .invisibletex{display:none}
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    .boxalign{display:block}
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    .height320{height:150px; line-height:150px;}
 +
    .safety25{width:28%;float:left}
 +
    .item3{width:100%;height:200px;}
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    .safety25 img{width:90%}
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    .safety26{text-align:center; height:500px;}
 +
    .safety26 img{float:none}
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    .floatleft{text-align:center;float:none}
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    p.floatleft{text-align:center;font-size:12px;}
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    .height120{height:200px;}
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    .height370{height:500px;}
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}
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</style>
 
</style>
 
</head>
 
</head>
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 +
  
  
 
<center>
 
<center>
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<div style="width:90%;">
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<div class="team90">
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 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 
<center>
 
<center>
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<div style="margin-top:50px;" class="column half_size">
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  <div class="column half_size" >
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<img style="width:500px;" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/3/36/T--Manchester--safetysummary.png" alt="safety summary"></img>
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    <img class="safetybanner" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/3/36/T--Manchester--safetysummary.png" alt="safety summary" usemap="#nameclick">
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</div>
+
    </img>
 +
 
 +
<map name="nameclick">
 +
<area shape="circle" coords="65,120,65" href="#safedesign" title="Safe Project Design">
 +
<area shape="circle" coords="310 65 65" href="#safelabwork" title="Safe Labwork">
 +
<area shape="circle" coords="435 230 65" href="#safeshipping" title="Safe Shipping">
 +
</map>
 +
   
 +
 
 +
  </div>
 
</center>
 
</center>
  
−
<div style="margin-top:50px;" class="column half_size">
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<div class="top50 column half_size">
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<p style="font-size:25px">
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  <p class="text1" style="font-size:20px">
−
Safety is absolutely paramount in the scientific research area.  In conducting scientific experiments, researchers should always comply to the safety measurements outlined in the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, c.37 <sup>[1]</sup>, not only to protect themselves, but also the members of the public and environment from any potential harm.
+
  Safety is absolutely paramount in the scientific research area.  In conducting scientific experiments, researchers should   always comply to the safety measurements outlined in the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, c.37 <sup>[1]</sup>, not only to protect themselves, but also the members of the public and environment from any potential harm.
−
<br /><br />
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  <br /><br />
−
Scroll to check out the safety measurements we took!   
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  Scroll to check out the safety measurements we took!   
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</p>
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  </p>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<center>
 
<center>
−
<div style="margin-top: 50px;margin-bottom:50px;" class="column full_size">
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  <div id="safedesign" class="topbottom50 column full_size">
−
<img style="width:20%" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/d/d1/T--Manchester--safety_projectdesign.png" alt="safe project design"></img>
+
    <img class="safety_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/d/d1/T--Manchester--safety_projectdesign.png" alt="safe project design">
−
</div>
+
    </img>
 +
  </div>
 
</center>
 
</center>
  
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−
<div class="column onefifth_size">
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  <div class="column onefifth_size">
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<img style="width: 200px;" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/0/0f/T--Manchester--safety_non_path.png" alt="choose a non-pathogenic chassis"></img>
+
    <img class="safety_subtitle" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/0/0f/T--Manchester--safety_non_path.png" alt="choose a non-pathogenic chassis">
−
</div>
+
    </img>
 +
  </div>
  
  
−
<div style="margin-bottom:50px" class="column fourfifth_size">
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<div class="bottom50 column fourfifth_size">
−
<img style="width:700px;" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/3/3c/T--Manchester--safety_table.png" alt="safety table"></img>
+
  <img class="safety_tables" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/3/3c/T--Manchester--safety_table.png" alt="safety table">    
 +
  </img>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
  
−
 
+
<div class="fixed_height">
  
 
<div class="column onefifth_size">
 
<div class="column onefifth_size">
−
<img style="width: 200px;" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/a5/T--Manchester--safety_materials.png" alt="Choosing safe materials"></img>
+
  <img class="safety_subtitle" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/a5/T--Manchester--safety_materials.png" alt="Choosing safe materials">
 +
  </img>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
 
<div class="column safety26">
 
<div class="column safety26">
−
<h3 style="color:rgb(0,176,240)">Ethidium Bromide (EtBr)</h3>
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  <h3 style="color:rgb(0,176,240)">Ethidium Bromide (EtBr)
−
<br />
+
  </h3>
−
<ul style="text-align:left">
+
  <br />
−
  <li>Hazard statements: H302, H330, H341</li>
+
  <ul style="text-align:left">
 +
    <li>Hazard statements: H302, H330, H341</li>
 +
    <br />
 +
    <li>Risks: Harmful if swallowed and inhaled, highly mutagenic and may be carcinogenic <sup>[3]</sup>.</li>
 +
  </ul>
 
   <br />
 
   <br />
−
   <li>Risks: Harmful if swallowed and inhaled, highly mutagenic and may be carcinogenic <sup>[3]</sup>.</li>
+
   <p style="font-size:20px">EtBr is commonly used in laboratories to identify the band sizes of DNA samples under ultraviolet light after being loaded onto agarose gels.   
−
</ul>
+
−
<br />
+
−
<p style="font-size:20px">EtBr is commonly used in laboratories to identify the band sizes of DNA samples under ultraviolet light after being loaded onto agarose gels.   
+
  
 
<br /><br />
 
<br /><br />
−
Usage of EtBr has been reduced in our lab by using SYBR Safe as a substitute to minimize the risks as stated above.   
+
 
−
</p>
+
  Usage of EtBr has been reduced in our lab by using SYBR Safe as a substitute to minimize the risks as stated above.   
 +
  </p>
  
 
</div>
 
</div>
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<div class="column safety26">
 
<div class="column safety26">
−
<h3 style="color:rgb(0,176,240)">SYBR Safe </h3>
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  <h3 style="color:rgb(0,176,240)">SYBR Safe </h3>
−
<br />
+
    <br />
−
<ul>
+
  <ul>
−
  <li>Hazard statements: H227</li>
+
    <li>Hazard statements: H227</li>
 +
    <br />
 +
    <li>Risks: Flammable, may cause mild eye and skin irritation</li>
 +
  </ul>
 
   <br />
 
   <br />
−
   <li>Risks: Flammable, may cause mild eye and skin irritation</li>
+
   <p style="font-size:20px">Similar to EtBr, SYBR Safe enables the visualization of nucleic acid bands using agarose gels.  In comparison, SYBR Safe has been identified to be 4 to 5 times less mutagenic than EtBr <sup>[4]</sup>.  Thus, we substituted EtBr with SYBR Safe for most of our nucleic acid staining procedures.
−
</ul>
+
  </p>
−
<br />
+
−
<p style="font-size:20px">Similar to EtBr, SYBR Safe enables the visualization of nucleic acid bands using agarose gels.  In comparison, SYBR Safe has been identified to be 4 to 5 times less mutagenic than EtBr <sup>[4]</sup>.  Thus, we substituted EtBr with SYBR Safe for most of our nucleic acid staining procedures.
+
−
</p>
+
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
 +
</div>
  
  
  
 +
<div class="column fixed_height">
  
−
 
+
<div class="invisibletex column onefifth_size">
−
 
+
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<div style="visibility:hidden; height:200px;" class="invisibletext column onefifth_size">
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invisible
 
invisible
 
</div>
 
</div>
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</div>
 
</div>
  
 +
</div>
  
−
<div style="visibility:hidden;" class="invisibletext column onefifth_size">
+
 
 +
 
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<div class="fixed_height">
 +
 
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<div class="invisibletex column onefifth_size">
 
invisible
 
invisible
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
  
−
<div class="column safety26" style="height:370px;">
+
<div class="height370 column safety26">
 
<h3 style="color:rgb(0,176,240)">Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) </h3>
 
<h3 style="color:rgb(0,176,240)">Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) </h3>
 
<br />
 
<br />
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−
<div class="column safety26" style="height:370px;">
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<div class="height370 column safety26">
−
<img style="width:130px;" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/b/b4/T--Manchester--safety_futureplans.png" alt="Future Plans"></img>
+
<img class="futureplans" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/b/b4/T--Manchester--safety_futureplans.png" alt="Future Plans"></img>
 
<br /><br />
 
<br /><br />
 
<ul>
 
<ul>
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   <li>Explore other redox indicators as alternatives for ABTS.</li>
 
   <li>Explore other redox indicators as alternatives for ABTS.</li>
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
 +
</div>
 +
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<center>
 
<center>
−
<div style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom:50px;" class="column full_size">
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<div id="safelabwork" class="top20 bottom50 column full_size">
−
<img style="width:20%" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/a4/T--Manchester--safety_labwork.png" alt="safe labwork"></img>
+
<img class="safety_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/a4/T--Manchester--safety_labwork.png" alt="safe labwork"></img>
 
</div>
 
</div>
 
</center>
 
</center>
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<div class="column onefifth_size">
 
<div class="column onefifth_size">
−
<img style="width: 200px;" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/6/68/T--Manchester--safety_course.png" alt="2 hours safety course"></img>
+
<img class="safety_subtitle" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/6/68/T--Manchester--safety_course.png" alt="2 hours safety course"></img>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="column onefifth_size">
 
<div class="column onefifth_size">
−
<img style="width: 200px;float:right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/2/29/T--Manchester--safety_pic4.png" alt="safety picture 4"></img>
+
<img class="floatright safety_subtitle" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/2/29/T--Manchester--safety_pic4.png" alt="safety picture 4"></img>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
  
  
−
<div class="column onefifth_size">
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<div style="clear:both" class="column onefifth_size">
−
<img style="width: 200px;" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/a8/T--Manchester--lab_induction.png"></img>
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<img class="induction safety_subtitle" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/a8/T--Manchester--lab_induction.png"></img>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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<div class="column onefifth_size">
 
<div class="column onefifth_size">
−
<img style="width: 200px;float:right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/4/43/T--Manchester--safety_pic5.png" alt="safety picture 5"></img>
+
<img class="floatright safety_subtitle" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/4/43/T--Manchester--safety_pic5.png" alt="safety picture 5"></img>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
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−
<div style="height: 320px;line-height:320px;" class="column onefifth_size">
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<div class="height320 column onefifth_size">
−
<img style="width: 200px;vertical-align:bottom" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/f/f3/T--Manchester--general_safety.png" alt="general safety"></img>
+
<img class="safety_subtitle" style="vertical-align:bottom" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/f/f3/T--Manchester--general_safety.png" alt="general safety"></img>
 
</div>
 
</div>
 +
 +
<div class="item3">
  
 
<div class="column safety25">
 
<div class="column safety25">
−
<img style="width:200px" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/1/13/T--Manchester--safety_pic1.png" alt="safety picture 1"></img>
+
<img class="safety_subtitle" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/1/13/T--Manchester--safety_pic1.png" alt="safety picture 1"></img>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
 
<div class="column safety25">
 
<div class="column safety25">
−
<img style="width:200px" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/4/49/T--Manchester--safety_pic2.png" alt="safety picture 2"></img>
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<img class="safety_subtitle" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/4/49/T--Manchester--safety_pic2.png" alt="safety picture 2"></img>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
 
<div class="column safety25">
 
<div class="column safety25">
−
<img style="width:200px" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/1/16/T--Manchester--safety_pic3.png" alt="safety picture 3"></img>
+
<img class="safety_subtitle" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/1/16/T--Manchester--safety_pic3.png" alt="safety picture 3"></img>
 +
</div>
 +
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
−
<div style="height:100px; line-height:100px" class="column fourfifth_size">
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<div class="height100 column fourfifth_size">
 
<h1 style="font-size:30px;text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; color:rgb(0,176,80);">When in the lab:</h1>
 
<h1 style="font-size:30px;text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; color:rgb(0,176,80);">When in the lab:</h1>
 
</div>
 
</div>
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</div>
 
</div>
  
−
<div class="column safety26" style="height:120px">
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<div class="height120 column safety26">
−
<img style="float:left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/e/ef/T--Manchester--safety_small1.png" alt="safety1"></img>
+
<img class="floatleft" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/e/ef/T--Manchester--safety_small1.png" alt="safety1"></img>
−
<p class="column threefifth_size" style="font-size:20px;float:left;padding-left:30px;padding-top:40px;">Strictly no food and drink
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<p class="floatleft column threefifth_size" style="text-align:center;font-size:20px;padding-left:30px;padding-top:40px;">Strictly no food and drink
 
</p>
 
</p>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
−
<div class="column safety26" style="height:120px">
+
<div class="height120 column safety26">
−
<img style="float:left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/0/00/T--Manchester--safety_small4.png" alt="safety4"></img>
+
<img class="floatleft" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/0/00/T--Manchester--safety_small4.png" alt="safety4"></img>
−
<p class="column threefifth_size"style="font-size:20px;float:left;padding-left:30px;padding-top:40px;">Always wear a lab coat
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<p class="floatleft column threefifth_size"style="text-align:center;font-size:20px;padding-left:30px;padding-top:40px;">Always wear a lab coat
 
</p>
 
</p>
 
</div>
 
</div>
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</div>
 
</div>
  
−
<div class="column safety26" style="height:120px">
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<div class="height120 column safety26">
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<img style="float:left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/2/2b/T--Manchester--safety_small2.png" alt="safety2"></img>
+
<img class="floatleft" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/2/2b/T--Manchester--safety_small2.png" alt="safety2"></img>
−
<p class="column threefifth_size" style="font-size:20px;float:left;padding-left:30px;padding-top:20px;">Wear protective goggles when working with harmful chemicals
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<p class="floatleft column threefifth_size" style="text-align:center;font-size:20px;padding-left:30px;padding-top:20px;">Wear protective goggles when working with harmful chemicals
 
</p>
 
</p>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
−
<div class="column safety26" style="height:120px">
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<div class="height120 column safety26">
−
<img style="float:left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/7/72/T--Manchester--safety_small5.png" alt="safety5"></img>
+
<img class="floatleft" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/7/72/T--Manchester--safety_small5.png" alt="safety5"></img>
−
<p class="column threefifth_size" style="font-size:20px;float:left;padding-left:30px;padding-top:20px;">Always wear rubber gloves unless working under flame
+
<p class=" floatleft column threefifth_size" style="text-align:center;font-size:20px;padding-left:30px;padding-top:20px;">Always wear rubber gloves unless working under flame
 
</p>
 
</p>
 
</div>
 
</div>
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</div>
 
</div>
  
−
<div class="column safety26" style="height:120px">
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<div class="height120 column safety26">
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<img style="float:left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/ab/T--Manchester--safety_small3.png" alt="safety3"></img>
+
<img class="floatleft" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/ab/T--Manchester--safety_small3.png" alt="safety3"></img>
−
<p class="column threefifth_size" style="font-size:20px;float:left;padding-left:30px;padding-top:30px;">Always work at properly ventilated area
+
<p class="floatleft column threefifth_size" style="text-align:center;font-size:20px;padding-left:30px;padding-top:30px;">Always work at properly ventilated area
 
</p>
 
</p>
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
−
<div class="column safety26" style="height:120px">
+
<div class="height120 column safety26">
−
<img style="float:left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/e/ea/T--Manchester--safety_small6.png" alt="safety6"></img>
+
<img class="floatleft" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/e/ea/T--Manchester--safety_small6.png" alt="safety6"></img>
−
<p class="column threefifth_size" style="font-size:20px;float:left;padding-left:30px;padding-top:20px;">Dispose contaminated consumables following local regulations
+
<p class="floatleft column threefifth_size" style="text-align:center;font-size:20px;padding-left:30px;padding-top:20px;">Dispose contaminated consumables following local regulations
 
</p>
 
</p>
 
</div>
 
</div>
 +
 +
 +
<div class="boxalign">
 +
  </div>
  
  
  
 
<center>
 
<center>
−
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Latest revision as of 00:58, 20 October 2016

Manchester iGEM 2016
safety summary

Safety is absolutely paramount in the scientific research area. In conducting scientific experiments, researchers should always comply to the safety measurements outlined in the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, c.37 [1], not only to protect themselves, but also the members of the public and environment from any potential harm.

Scroll to check out the safety measurements we took!

safe project design
choose a non-pathogenic chassis
safety table
Choosing safe materials

Ethidium Bromide (EtBr)


  • Hazard statements: H302, H330, H341

  • Risks: Harmful if swallowed and inhaled, highly mutagenic and may be carcinogenic [3].

EtBr is commonly used in laboratories to identify the band sizes of DNA samples under ultraviolet light after being loaded onto agarose gels.

Usage of EtBr has been reduced in our lab by using SYBR Safe as a substitute to minimize the risks as stated above.

SYBR Safe


  • Hazard statements: H227

  • Risks: Flammable, may cause mild eye and skin irritation

Similar to EtBr, SYBR Safe enables the visualization of nucleic acid bands using agarose gels. In comparison, SYBR Safe has been identified to be 4 to 5 times less mutagenic than EtBr [4]. Thus, we substituted EtBr with SYBR Safe for most of our nucleic acid staining procedures.

invisible

ABTS

(2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid))

  • Hazards statements: H315, H319, H335

  • Risks: May cause skin, eye and respiratory irritation.

ABTS is widely used to detect the binding activity of molecules in presence of a peroxidase enzyme (eg: HRP).

The possibility of causing skin irritation when in direct contact with ABTS indicates that ABTS may not be the best candidate for our actual AlcoPatch. For future experiments, ABTS should be substituted with other safer redox indicators.

Glucose Oxidase (GOx)


  • Hazards statements: H334

  • Risks: May cause skin and respiratory irritation.


GOx catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and D-glucono-δ-lactone. GOx is used in our pilot experiment to justify our proof of concept before we kick start our actual project with alcohol oxidase (AOx).

invisible

Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP)


  • Hazards statements: H334, H317

  • Risks: May cause skin and respiratory irritation.


HRP catalyzes the redox reaction and amplify the signals of chromogenic (eg: ABTS) and chemiluminescence (eg: luminol) substrates. The reaction is fast and visible, as shown in our pilot study .

Future Plans

  • Design a kill switch system to minimize that the risk of releasing live E.coli organisms to the environment.

  • Explore other redox indicators as alternatives for ABTS.
safe labwork
2 hours safety course
  • Conducted by the Safety and Risk Manager of Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Dr. Tanya Aspinall.
  • Outlined the general lab safety rules, waste disposal procedures and other policies that we should abide to, including COSHH and risk assessments.
safety picture 4
  • Lab we worked in was categorized as Biosafety Level 1, according to WHO Laboratory Safety Manual [5].
  • Led by one of our supervisors, Marc.
  • Familiarize ourselves to work in the lab.
  • Performed our lab rota under Marc’s supervision.
safety picture 5
general safety
safety picture 1
safety picture 2
safety picture 3

When in the lab:

safety1

Strictly no food and drink

safety4

Always wear a lab coat

safety2

Wear protective goggles when working with harmful chemicals

safety5

Always wear rubber gloves unless working under flame

safety3

Always work at properly ventilated area

safety6

Dispose contaminated consumables following local regulations

safe Shipping
iGEM Biobrick Shipping Standard
  • Followed the shipping guidelines provided by iGEM HQ.
  • Submitted our BioBricks [insert link to our BioBrick list] in pSB1C3 backbone.
  • Time to get ready for the Giant Jamboree in Boston! :)
biobrick parts picture

References



  • Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, c.37. Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/37 [Accessed 13 September 2013]
  • Chart, H., Smith, H. R., La Ragione, R. M. & Woodward, M. J. (2000). An investigation into the pathogenic properties of Escherichia coli strains BLR, BL21, Dh5alpha and EQ1. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 89, 1048-1058.
  • Walter, J., Caroline, J. C., Caroline, J. J. & Anjanapriya, S. (2013). Toxic and mutagenic impact of ethidium bromide traces on the growth of Escherichia coli KL226. International Journal of Current Science, 8, E28-32.
  • Evenson, W. E., Boden, L. M., Muzikar, K. A. & O’Leary, D. J. (2012). 1H and 13C NMR assignments for the cyanine dyes SYBR Safe and Thiazole Orange. Journal of Organic Chemistry, 77(23), 10967-10971.
  • Laboratory biosafety manual. 3rd edition. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2004. (WHO/CDS/CSR/LYO/2004. 11). Available at: http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/biosafety/en/Biosafety7.pdf [Accessed 14 September 2016]
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