Difference between revisions of "Team:Tokyo Tech/AmiE Assay"

 
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<div id="contents_menu">
 
<div id="contents_menu">
 
<h3 class="link"><a href="#introduction">1. Introduction</a></h3>
 
<h3 class="link"><a href="#introduction">1. Introduction</a></h3>
−
<h3 class="link"><a href="#summary">2. Summary of the Experiment</a></h3>
+
<h3 class="link"><a href="#summary">2. Summary of the experiment</a></h3>
 
<h3 class="link"><a href="#results">3. Results</a></h3>
 
<h3 class="link"><a href="#results">3. Results</a></h3>
 
<h3 class="link"><a href="#discussion">4. Discussion</a></h3>
 
<h3 class="link"><a href="#discussion">4. Discussion</a></h3>
−
<h3 class="link"><a href="#methods">5. Materials and Methods</a></h3>
+
<h3 class="link"><a href="#methods">5. Materials and methods</a></h3>
 
<h3 class="link"><a href="#construction"><font size="2.7">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5-1. Construction</font></a></h3>
 
<h3 class="link"><a href="#construction"><font size="2.7">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5-1. Construction</font></a></h3>
−
<h3 class="link"><a href="#protocol"><font size="2.7">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5-2. Assay Protocol</font></a></h3>
+
<h3 class="link"><a href="#protocol"><font size="2.7">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5-2. Assay protocol</font></a></h3>
 
<h3 class="link"><a href="#reference">6. Reference</a></h3>
 
<h3 class="link"><a href="#reference">6. Reference</a></h3>
 
</div><!-- /contents_menu -->
 
</div><!-- /contents_menu -->
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</div><!-- /_header -->
 
</div><!-- /_header -->
 
<div id="introduction_contents" class="container_contents">
 
<div id="introduction_contents" class="container_contents">
−
<p class="normal_text">The Prince <span style="font-style : italic">coli</span> expresses AmiE protein, and Snow White <span style="font-style : italic">coli</span> recovers from its apparent death and wakes up again.<br>
+
<p class="normal_text">The Prince <span style="font-style : italic">coli</span> expresses AmiE protein, and Snow White <span style="font-style : italic">coli</span> recovers from its apparent death and opens her eyes by the action of AmiE.</p>
−
We tested the function of AmiE protein that influences the end of the story.
+
<p class="normal_text">We tested the function of AmiE protein that influences the end of the story.
  
 
</p>
 
</p>
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<div id="summary" class="container">
 
<div id="summary" class="container">
 
<div id="id_header" class="container_header">
 
<div id="id_header" class="container_header">
−
<h2><span>2. Summary of the Experiment</span></h2>
+
<h2><span>2. Summary of the experiment</span></h2>
 
</div><!-- /_header -->
 
</div><!-- /_header -->
 
<div id="summary_contents" class="container_contents">
 
<div id="summary_contents" class="container_contents">
−
<p class="normal_text">Our objective is to characterize the function of AmiE protein. We prepared three samples shown below. When we tested the AmiE degradation ability with these samples, the results show that C4HSL is not degraded by AmiE, but 3OC12HSL is degraded by AmiE.<br><br>
+
<p class="normal_text">The objective of this experiment is to characterize AmiE protein. We prepared three samples shown below to see the degradation ability of AmiE,and the results showed that C4 was not degraded by AmiE, but C12 was degraded by AmiE. The transfomants used in this study are indicated below(Figs.3-3-1-2-1– 3-3-1-2-3):</p><br><br>
  
−
・PBAD/araC-<span style="font-style : italic">rbs-amiE</span>(pSB6A1)<br>
+
<p class="normal_text">A. PBAD/araC &#8208; <span style="font-style : italic">rbs &#8208; amiE</span> (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1949052">K1949052</a>)  (pSB6A1)</p><br>
−
・Ptet-<span style="font-style : italic">rbs-luxR</span>-TT-Plux-<span style="font-style : italic">rbs-gfp</span> (pSB6A1)<br>
+
 
−
・Ptet-<span style="font-style : italic">rbs-luxR</span>-TT-Plux-<span style="font-style : italic">rbs-gfp</span> (pSB6A1)
+
<div align="center"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/b/b0/Fig.3-3-1-2-1.png" height="150"> <br></div>
 +
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3-1-2-1 </span>PBAD &#8208; <i>rbs &#8208; amiE</i> (pSB6A1)
 +
</p></div>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<p class="normal_text">B. Ptet &#8208; <span style="font-style : italic">rbs &#8208; luxR</span> &#8208; <i>tt</i> &#8208; Plux &#8208; <span style="font-style : italic">rbs &#8208; gfp</span> (pSB6A1)</p><br>
 +
 
 +
<div align="center"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/b/b3/Fig.3-3-1-2-2.png" height="150"><br></div>
 +
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3-1-2-2 </span>Pcon &#8208; <i>rbs &#8208; rhlR &#8208; tt</i> &#8208; Prhl &#8208; <i>rbs &#8208; gfp</i> (pSB6A1)
 +
</p></div>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<p class="normal_text">C. Ptet - <span style="font-style : italic">rbs &#8208; luxR</span> &#8208; <i>tt</i> &#8208; Plux &#8208; <span style="font-style : italic">rbs &#8208; gfp</span> (pSB6A1)
 +
<div align="center"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/a8/Fig.3-3-1-2-3.png" height="150"><br></div>
 +
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3-1-2-3 </span>Pcon &#8208; <i>rbs &#8208; rhlR &#8208; tt</i> &#8208; Prhl &#8208; <i>rbs &#8208; gfp</i> (pSB6A1)
 +
</p></div>
  
 
</p>
 
</p>
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</div><!-- /_header -->
 
</div><!-- /_header -->
 
<div id="results_contents" class="container_contents">
 
<div id="results_contents" class="container_contents">
−
<p class="normal_text">We examined that the AmiE degradation activity of C4HSL and 3OC12HSL. The results are shown below. </p><br>
+
<p class="normal_text">The AmiE degradation activity against C4 or C12 is shown below. </p><br>
−
<div align="center"><img src="URL"><br></div>
+
<div align="center"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/9/96/Fig.3-3-1-3-2.png"height="300"><br></div>
−
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3- </span>title
+
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3-1-3-1 </span>AmiE degrades C12
 
</p></div>
 
</p></div>
−
<div align="center"><img src="URL"><br></div>
+
<div align="center"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/0/0c/Fig.3-3-1-3-1.png"height="300"><br></div>
−
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3- </span>title
+
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3-1-3-2 </span>AmiE barely degrades C4
 
</p></div>
 
</p></div>
−
<p class="normal_text">This graph shows that the result of RFU of GFP / Turbidity of the supernatant centrifuged after several hours of the <span style="font-style : italic">E. coli</span> solution both induced and did not induce AmiE expression.<br>
+
<p class="normal_text">The cultures of the AHL degrader (Fig. 3-3-1-2-1) were prepared in the presence or absence of arabinose. Then, AHLs (C4 or C12) were added to the cultures and incubated further to gain enough time to degrade AHLs. The supernatant of the cultures were collected and added to the cultures of corresponding reporter cells (Figs. 3-3-1-2-2 and 3-3-1-2-3).The RFU of GFP / turbidity of each supernatant was measured. The results are shown in the graph above.</p>
−
From the results of the AmiE degradation of C4HSL, RFU of GFP / Turbidity of the reporter with the supernatant of the solution induced the AmiE expression is almost the same as the one with the supernatant of the one not induced the AmiE expression.<br>
+
<p class="normal_text">First, let us look at the results of C4 degradation by AmiE; the RFU of GFP / turbidity was almost the same in all the samples, indicating no C4 degradation.</p>
−
However, in the case of 3OC12HSL, RFU of GFP / Turbidity of the reporter added the solution which induced the AmiE expression is about 1/10 of which did not induce AmiE expression. Based on the above result, we concluded that AmiE does not degrade C4HSL but degrades 3OC12HSL.</p>
+
<p class="normal_text">However, in the case of the degradation of C12, the RFU of GFP / turbidity of the reporter decreased to approximately 1/10 when C12 was pre-treated with AmiE-expressing cells. Based on the results above, we concluded that AmiE does not degrade C4 but degrades C12.</p>
 
</div><!-- /results_contents -->
 
</div><!-- /results_contents -->
 
</div><!-- /results -->
 
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</div><!-- /_header -->
 
</div><!-- /_header -->
 
<div id="discussion_contents" class="container_contents">
 
<div id="discussion_contents" class="container_contents">
−
<p class="normal_text">AmiE is the protein that degrades AHLs which have acyl chains longer than eight carbons. This experiment shows that C4HSL is not degraded, and 3OC12HSL is degraded. This result is consistent with the AmiE function written in a paper. We thought that we can express AmiE in the Prince <span style="font-style : italic">coli</span> and make it degrade 3OC12HSL.<br>
+
<p class="normal_text">AmiE is the protein that degrades AHLs that have acyl chains longer than six carbons. This experiment showed that C4 was not degraded and C12 was degraded, showing good agreement with the AmiE function written in the literature. </p>
−
From the results, it is expected that the Prince <span style="font-style : italic">coli</span> degrades the poisoned apple and make Snow White <span style="font-style : italic">coli</span> recover from its appearent death.
+
<p class="normal_text">We conclude that AmiE could be expressed in the Prince coli and degradation of C12 was cased as we desired. Also, it is expected that the Prince coli degrades the poisoned apple and makes Snow White <span style="font-style : italic">coli</span> recover from its apparent death.
 
</p>
 
</p>
 
</div><!-- /discussion_contents -->
 
</div><!-- /discussion_contents -->
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<div id="methods" class="container">
 
<div id="methods" class="container">
 
<div id="methods_header" class="container_header">
 
<div id="methods_header" class="container_header">
−
<h2><span>5. Materials and Methods</span></h2>
+
<h2><span>5. Materials and methods</span></h2>
 
</div><!-- /_header -->
 
</div><!-- /_header -->
 
<div id="methods_contents" class="container_contents">
 
<div id="methods_contents" class="container_contents">
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<div id="construction_contents">
 
<div id="construction_contents">
 
<p class="normal_text">-Strain<br>
 
<p class="normal_text">-Strain<br>
−
   All the sample were XL1&#8208;Blue strain.<br><br>
+
   All the samples were XL1&#8208;Blue strain.<br><br>
−
-Plasmids<br>
+
<p class="normal_text">-Plasmids<br>
−
A，  PBAD/araC-<span style="font-style : italic">rbs</span>-<span style="font-style : italic">amiE</span> (pSB6A1)<br>
+
A，  PBAD/araC &#8208; <span style="font-style : italic">rbs</span> &#8208; <span style="font-style : italic">amiE</span> (pSB6A1)<br>
−
B， Ptet-<span style="font-style : italic">rbs-luxR</span>-TT-Plux-<span style="font-style : italic">rbs-gfp</span> (pSB6A1)<br>  
+
B， Ptet &#8208; <span style="font-style : italic">rbs &#8208; luxR</span> &#8208; <i>tt</i> &#8208; Plux &#8208; <span style="font-style : italic">rbs &#8208; gfp</span> (pSB6A1)<br>  
−
C， Ptet-<span style="font-style : italic">rbs-rhlR</span>-TT-Prhl-<span style="font-style : italic">rbs-gfp</span> (pSB6A1)  
+
C， Ptet &#8208; <span style="font-style : italic">rbs &#8208; rhlR</span> &#8208; <i>tt</i> &#8208; Prhl &#8208; <span style="font-style : italic">rbs &#8208; gfp</span> (pSB6A1)  
  
 
</p><br>
 
</p><br>
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<div id="protocol">
 
<div id="protocol">
 
<div id="protocol_header">
 
<div id="protocol_header">
−
<h3><span>5-2. Assay Protocol</span></h3>
+
<h3><span>5-2. Assay protocol</span></h3>
 
</div><!-- /_header -->
 
</div><!-- /_header -->
 
<div id="methods_contents">
 
<div id="methods_contents">
−
<p class="normal_text">A. Fresh Culture<br>
+
<p class="normal_text">1) Fresh culture<br>
 
4 test tubes</p><br>
 
4 test tubes</p><br>
−
<div align="center"><img src="URL"><br></div>
+
<div align="center"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/f/f5/Fig.3-3-1-5-1.jpg" height="300"><br></div>
−
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3- </span>title
+
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3-1-5-1 </span>
 
</p></div>
 
</p></div>
−
<p class="normal_text">B. Fresh Culture<br>
+
<p class="normal_text">2) Fresh culture<br>
−
6 of 1.5 mL tubes</p><br>
+
8 of 1.5 mL tubes</p><br>
−
<div align="center"><img src="URL"><br></div>
+
<div align="center"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/9/92/Fig.3-3-1-5-2.jpg" height="200"><br></div>
−
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3- </span>title</p></div>
+
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3-1-5-2 </span></p></div>
 
<p class="normal_text">control
 
<p class="normal_text">control
 
</p><br>
 
</p><br>
−
<div align="center"><img src="URL"><br></div>
+
<div align="center"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/6/69/Fig.3-3-1-5-3.jpg" height="180"><br></div>
−
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3- </span>title</p></div>
+
<div align="center"><p class="caption" style="font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Fig. 3-3-1-5-3 </span></p></div>
 
<p class="normal_text"><br>
 
<p class="normal_text"><br>
−
1. Inoculate A into 2997 µL LB culture containing 3 µL ampicillin, and incubate at 37°C, 180 rpm for 12 h, so that the final concentration of glucose becomes 0.2%. <br><br>
+
                                        <!--英訳がやべえ、適当に直したけどチェックよろしくお願いします-->
−
2. Inoculate B and C into 2997 µL LB culture containing 3 µL ampicillin, and incubate at 37°C, 180 rpm for 12 h, so that the final concentration of glucose becomes 0.2%.<br><br>
+
              1. Inoculate A in 3 mL LB medium containing ampicillin (50 microg / mL), and add glucose so that the final concentration becomes 0.2%.<br>Inoculate B and C in 3 mL LB culture containing ampicillin (50 microg / mL).<br><br>
−
3. Dilute the overnight culture of A so that the OD600 becomes about 0.05, and begin fresh culture at 37°C, 180 rpm.<br><br>
+
                                        2. Incubate all the samples at 37&deg;C, 180 rpm for 12 h.<br><br>
−
4. Add arabinose into test tube ① and ② so that the final concentration becomes 0.2% when the OD600 reaches 0.6 to 0.7.<br><br>
+
3. Dilute the overnight culture of A so that the turbidity becomes about 0.05.<br><br>
−
5. 2 h after addition arabinose, add 60 µL of 500 µM C12AHL into test tube ① and ③, add 200 µL of 500 µM C12AHL into test tube ② and ④.<br><br>
+
                                        4. Incubate at 37&deg;C, 180 rpm so that turbidity becomes 0.16 to 0.18.<br><br>
−
6. 5 h after adding AHL, dispense the fresh cultures into 1.5 mL tubes, and centrifuge in duplicate for 2 min at 18000x g. Transfer it to other 1.5 mL tube.<br><br>
+
5. Add arabinose into test tube (&#8560;) and (&#8561;) so that the final concentration becomes 0.2%.<br><br>
−
7. Dilute the overnight cultures of B and C, and begin fresh culture at 37°C, 180 rpm. (Add LB + ampicillin 800 µL into 10 µL overnight culture.)<br><br>
+
6. 2 h after adding arabinose, add 60 microL of 3OC12HSL (500 microM) into test tube (&#8560;) and (&#8562;), add 200 microL of 3OC12HSL (500 microM) into test tube (&#8561;) and (&#8563;).<br><br>
−
8. Prepare the overnight cultures containing LB medium and 1000 µL ampicillin in a 1.5 mL tube for control.<br><br>
+
7. 5 h after adding AHLs, dispense the fresh cultures into 1.5 mL tubes, and centrifuge in duplicate for 2 min at 18000G.<br><br>
−
9. After 1.5 h, add 200 µL supernatants of A ①, ②, ③ and ④, and add 4 µL C12AHL into tube e, 13.3 µL C4AHL into tube f, 4 µL DMSO into tube g, 13.3 µL DMSO into tube h for control.<br><br>
+
                                        8. Transfer supernatant to another 1.5 mL tube.<br><br>
−
10. Measure RFU of GFP / Turbidity and the optical density after incubation at 37°C, 180 rpm for 4 h.</p>
+
9. Add each 10 microL overnight culture for B and C into 800 microL LB medium containing ampicillin (50 microg / mL). Also, add each 10 microL overnight culture for B and C into 1 mL LB medium containing ampicillin (50 microg / mL) for controls. (B: a, c, e, g) (C: b, d, f, h)<br><br>
 +
10. After 1.5 h, add 200 microL supernatants of A into (&#8560;), (&#8561;), (&#8562;) and (&#8563;), and add 4 of microL 3OC12HSL into tube (e), 13.3 of microL C4HSL into tube (f), 4 of microL DMSO into tube (g), 13.3 microL of DMSO into tube (h) for controls.<br><br>
 +
                                        11. Incubate at 37&deg;C, 180 rpm for 4 h.<br><br>
 +
12. Measure RFU of GFP and the Turbidity.</p>
  
 
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<div id="next_page" class="container">
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<div id="next_page_contents" class="container_contents">
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<p class="normal_text">Jump to <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech/Promoter_Assay/Pcold">Pcold assay</a> page.</p>
 +
<p class="normal_text">Jump to <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Tokyo_Tech">Home</a>.</p>
 +
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</div><!-- /next_page -->
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Latest revision as of 12:18, 6 November 2016

3-3 AmiE assay

1. Introduction

The Prince coli expresses AmiE protein, and Snow White coli recovers from its apparent death and opens her eyes by the action of AmiE.

We tested the function of AmiE protein that influences the end of the story.

2. Summary of the experiment

The objective of this experiment is to characterize AmiE protein. We prepared three samples shown below to see the degradation ability of AmiE,and the results showed that C4 was not degraded by AmiE, but C12 was degraded by AmiE. The transfomants used in this study are indicated below(Figs.3-3-1-2-1– 3-3-1-2-3):



A. PBAD/araC ‐ rbs ‐ amiE (K1949052) (pSB6A1)



Fig. 3-3-1-2-1 PBAD ‐ rbs ‐ amiE (pSB6A1)

B. Ptet ‐ rbs ‐ luxR ‐ tt ‐ Plux ‐ rbs ‐ gfp (pSB6A1)



Fig. 3-3-1-2-2 Pcon ‐ rbs ‐ rhlR ‐ tt ‐ Prhl ‐ rbs ‐ gfp (pSB6A1)

C. Ptet - rbs ‐ luxR ‐ tt ‐ Plux ‐ rbs ‐ gfp (pSB6A1)


Fig. 3-3-1-2-3 Pcon ‐ rbs ‐ rhlR ‐ tt ‐ Prhl ‐ rbs ‐ gfp (pSB6A1)

3. Results

The AmiE degradation activity against C4 or C12 is shown below.



Fig. 3-3-1-3-1 AmiE degrades C12


Fig. 3-3-1-3-2 AmiE barely degrades C4

The cultures of the AHL degrader (Fig. 3-3-1-2-1) were prepared in the presence or absence of arabinose. Then, AHLs (C4 or C12) were added to the cultures and incubated further to gain enough time to degrade AHLs. The supernatant of the cultures were collected and added to the cultures of corresponding reporter cells (Figs. 3-3-1-2-2 and 3-3-1-2-3).The RFU of GFP / turbidity of each supernatant was measured. The results are shown in the graph above.

First, let us look at the results of C4 degradation by AmiE; the RFU of GFP / turbidity was almost the same in all the samples, indicating no C4 degradation.

However, in the case of the degradation of C12, the RFU of GFP / turbidity of the reporter decreased to approximately 1/10 when C12 was pre-treated with AmiE-expressing cells. Based on the results above, we concluded that AmiE does not degrade C4 but degrades C12.

4. Discussion

AmiE is the protein that degrades AHLs that have acyl chains longer than six carbons. This experiment showed that C4 was not degraded and C12 was degraded, showing good agreement with the AmiE function written in the literature.

We conclude that AmiE could be expressed in the Prince coli and degradation of C12 was cased as we desired. Also, it is expected that the Prince coli degrades the poisoned apple and makes Snow White coli recover from its apparent death.

5. Materials and methods

5-1. Construction

-Strain
All the samples were XL1‐Blue strain.

-Plasmids
A， PBAD/araC ‐ rbs ‐ amiE (pSB6A1)
B， Ptet ‐ rbs ‐ luxR ‐ tt ‐ Plux ‐ rbs ‐ gfp (pSB6A1)
C， Ptet ‐ rbs ‐ rhlR ‐ tt ‐ Prhl ‐ rbs ‐ gfp (pSB6A1)






5-2. Assay protocol

1) Fresh culture
4 test tubes



Fig. 3-3-1-5-1

2) Fresh culture
8 of 1.5 mL tubes



Fig. 3-3-1-5-2

control



Fig. 3-3-1-5-3


1. Inoculate A in 3 mL LB medium containing ampicillin (50 microg / mL), and add glucose so that the final concentration becomes 0.2%.
Inoculate B and C in 3 mL LB culture containing ampicillin (50 microg / mL).

2. Incubate all the samples at 37°C, 180 rpm for 12 h.

3. Dilute the overnight culture of A so that the turbidity becomes about 0.05.

4. Incubate at 37°C, 180 rpm so that turbidity becomes 0.16 to 0.18.

5. Add arabinose into test tube (ⅰ) and (ⅱ) so that the final concentration becomes 0.2%.

6. 2 h after adding arabinose, add 60 microL of 3OC12HSL (500 microM) into test tube (ⅰ) and (ⅲ), add 200 microL of 3OC12HSL (500 microM) into test tube (ⅱ) and (ⅳ).

7. 5 h after adding AHLs, dispense the fresh cultures into 1.5 mL tubes, and centrifuge in duplicate for 2 min at 18000G.

8. Transfer supernatant to another 1.5 mL tube.

9. Add each 10 microL overnight culture for B and C into 800 microL LB medium containing ampicillin (50 microg / mL). Also, add each 10 microL overnight culture for B and C into 1 mL LB medium containing ampicillin (50 microg / mL) for controls. (B: a, c, e, g) (C: b, d, f, h)

10. After 1.5 h, add 200 microL supernatants of A into (ⅰ), (ⅱ), (ⅲ) and (ⅳ), and add 4 of microL 3OC12HSL into tube (e), 13.3 of microL C4HSL into tube (f), 4 of microL DMSO into tube (g), 13.3 microL of DMSO into tube (h) for controls.

11. Incubate at 37°C, 180 rpm for 4 h.

12. Measure RFU of GFP and the Turbidity.

6. Reference


[1]Ochiai S, Yasumoto S, Morohoshi T, Ikeda T. AmiE, a Novel N-Acylhomoserine
Lactone Acylase Belonging to the Amidase Family, from the Activated-Sludge Isolate Acinetobacter sp. Strain Ooi24. 2014 Nov;80(22):6919-25.

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