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| <li class="dropdown menu-2"><a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" > Achievements</a> | | <li class="dropdown menu-2"><a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" > Achievements</a> |
| <ul class="dropdown-menu"> | | <ul class="dropdown-menu"> |
− | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Demonstrate" >Results</a></li> | + | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Results" >Results</a></li> |
| <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Basic_Part" >Parts</a></li> | | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Basic_Part" >Parts</a></li> |
| <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Collaborations" >Collaborations</a></li> | | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Collaborations" >Collaborations</a></li> |
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| <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Crosslinking" >Crosslinking</a></li> | | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Crosslinking" >Crosslinking</a></li> |
| <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Uranyl-adsorption" >Uranyl adsorption</a></li> | | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Uranyl-adsorption" >Uranyl adsorption</a></li> |
− | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Recovery" >Recovery</a></li> | + | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Clearance" >Clearance</a></li> |
| <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Secretion" >Secretion</a></li> | | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Secretion" >Secretion</a></li> |
− | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Proof" >Proof and speculation</a></li> | + | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Demonstrate" >Final Performance</a></li> |
| </ul> | | </ul> |
| </li> | | </li> |
| <li class="dropdown menu-4"><a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" >Modeling</a> | | <li class="dropdown menu-4"><a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" >Modeling</a> |
| <ul class="dropdown-menu"> | | <ul class="dropdown-menu"> |
− | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Model" >Protein polymerization</a></li> | + | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Model/GelPoint" > Model of Gel Point </a></li> |
| + | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Model/MassDistribution" > Model of Mass Distribution</a></li> |
| <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Software" >Software</a></li> | | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/Software" >Software</a></li> |
| </ul> | | </ul> |
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| <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/HP/questionnaire" >Questionnaire</a></li> | | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/HP/questionnaire" >Questionnaire</a></li> |
| <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/HP/consulting" >Consulting</a></li> | | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/HP/consulting" >Consulting</a></li> |
− | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/HP/otherHP" >Other work</a></li> | + | <li><a href="https://2016.igem.org/Team:Peking/HP/otherHP" >Education & Other</a></li> |
| </ul> | | </ul> |
| </li> | | </li> |
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| </div> | | </div> |
| <!--/Navigation --> | | <!--/Navigation --> |
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| <div class="row"> | | <div class="row"> |
| <div class="twelve columns centered text-center"> | | <div class="twelve columns centered text-center"> |
− | <h1>Safety<span>.</span></h1> | + | <h1>Safety</h1> |
− | <p class="title1" style="text-align:center"></p> | + | <p class="title1" style="text-align:center">Caution is the parent of safety.</p> |
| </div> | | </div> |
| </div> | | </div> |
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| <br/> | | <br/> |
| <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">This year’s Peking iGEM Team is trying to develop a highly efficient, low-cost and modularized biomaterial to deal with uranium pollution in the environment, using the methods of synthetic biology. Here we wish to share our experiences with safety control.</p> | | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">This year’s Peking iGEM Team is trying to develop a highly efficient, low-cost and modularized biomaterial to deal with uranium pollution in the environment, using the methods of synthetic biology. Here we wish to share our experiences with safety control.</p> |
− | <br/><br/> | + | <br/> |
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| <a id="design"></a> | | <a id="design"></a> |
| <div class="texttitle">Safe Project Design</div> | | <div class="texttitle">Safe Project Design</div> |
| <br/> | | <br/> |
− | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">The hydrogel produced in this project is protein network secreted by genetically modified strains of host bacteria. The strains are restricted to the lab so that the cells produce the Uranium Reaper system continuously under rigorous control without any possibility for them to get into contact with the outside environment. Therefore, we have prevented recombinant DNA from flowing out into the environment. Even if a small fraction of bacteria leaked out, they would not express any protein without the induction with IPTG. Additionally, the bacterial hosts are laboratory strains which are likely to be highly uncompetitive compared wild bacteria in the outside environment.</p> | + | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">The produced in this project is polymer network secreted by genetically modified strains of host bacteria. The strains are restricted to the lab so that the cells produce the Uranium Reaper system are continuously under rigorous control without any possibility to contact the outside environment. Therefore, we have prevented recombinant DNA from flowing out into the environment. Even if a small fraction of bacteria leaked out, they would not express any protein without the induction with IPTG. Additionally, the bacterial hosts are laboratory strains which are likely to be highly uncompetitive compared wild bacteria in the outside environment.</p> |
− | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">During the utilization of the bio-functional hydrogel, uranyl ions are enriched to a high concentration, which is a potential cause for concern. However, the resulting high concentrations of ions are collected along with the bio-functional hydrogel for further processing. In this way, both the uranium and proteins are disposed of appropriately and do not remain in the outside environment.</p> | + | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">During the utilization of the bio-functional polymer network, uranyl ions are enriched to a high concentration, which is a potential cause for concern. However, the resulting high concentrations of ions are collected along with the bio-functional polymer network for further processing. In this way, both the uranium and proteins are disposed of appropriately and do not remain in the outside environment.</p> |
| + | <br/> |
| + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/c/c5/T--Peking--image_safety1.png"/> |
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| <h3 style="color:#11abb0;text-align:center;font-size:28px;">Details are as follows</h3> | | <h3 style="color:#11abb0;text-align:center;font-size:28px;">Details are as follows</h3> |
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| <h3 class="classic-title"> Choosing a non-pathogenic chassis </h3> | | <h3 class="classic-title"> Choosing a non-pathogenic chassis </h3> |
| <hr style="border:2px dashed; height:2px" color="#666666"> | | <hr style="border:2px dashed; height:2px" color="#666666"> |
− | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">Non-pathogenic laboratory strains of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i> were the only chassis used for either molecular cloning or protein expression. All the other experiments including protein purification and functional assays were carried out in vitro without the involvement of live micro-organisms.</p> | + | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">Non-pathogenic laboratory strains of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i> were the only chassis used for either molecular cloning or protein expression. All the other experiments including protein purification and functional assays were carried out <i>in vitro</i> without the involvement of live micro-organisms.</p> |
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− | <h3 class="classic-title"> Choosing parts that will not harm humans/animals/plants </h3> | + | <h3 class="classic-title"> Choosing parts that are not harmful to humans/animals/plants </h3> |
| <hr style="border:2px dashed; height:2px" color="#666666"> | | <hr style="border:2px dashed; height:2px" color="#666666"> |
− | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">Harmful parts of any kind were not allowed. Almost all the parts in the project are modified from pre-existing iGEM parts, such as SUP, LBP and so on. The characteristics of these parts had been described in detail in previous work, and all part collections, such as the signal peptide library are derived from parts that are nonpathogenic and harmless to humans or the environment. It can thus be said that none of the parts would raise any safety issues according to current professional knowledge.</p> | + | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">Harmful parts of any kind were not allowed. Almost all the parts in the project were modified from pre-existing iGEM parts, such as SUP, LBP and so on. The characteristics of these parts had been described in detail in previous work, and all part collections, such as the signal peptide library were derived from parts that are nonpathogenic and harmless to humans or the environment. It is thus conclusive that none of the parts would raise any safety issues according to current professional knowledge.</p> |
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| <hr style="border:2px dashed; height:2px" color="#666666"> | | <hr style="border:2px dashed; height:2px" color="#666666"> |
| <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">Because the bacteria used to produce and secrete the proteins were sequestered in enclosed environments, such as fermenters, and we plan on only using the proteins instead of live bacteria to deal with pollution in the environment, we did not add a kill-switch in this project. All media that had come in contact with bacteria were sterilized to prevent any escape of microbes.</p> | | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">Because the bacteria used to produce and secrete the proteins were sequestered in enclosed environments, such as fermenters, and we plan on only using the proteins instead of live bacteria to deal with pollution in the environment, we did not add a kill-switch in this project. All media that had come in contact with bacteria were sterilized to prevent any escape of microbes.</p> |
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| <a id="lab"></a> | | <a id="lab"></a> |
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| </div> | | </div> |
| <p> </p> | | <p> </p> |
− | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">For the proof-of principle test, all uranyl solutions were prepared by especially trained professional researchers in the Nuclear Environmental Chemistry Group of Peking University. What we did ourselves was only to use the simulated pollution scenes for the proof-of-principle test in the Bio-safety Level 2 iGEM lab, which means that we never made any contact with genuine, potentially dangerous pollution samples from the field.</p> | + | <p class="lead add-bottom" style="color:#5E5656">For the proof-of principle test, all uranyl solutions were prepared by specially trained professional researchers in the Nuclear Environmental Chemistry Group of Peking University. What we did ourselves was only to use the simulated pollution scenes for the proof-of-principle test in the Bio-safety Level 2 iGEM lab, which means that we never made any contact with genuine, potentially dangerous pollution samples from the field.</p> |
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