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<div class="h1_font_size">Gold</div>
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<div class="p_font_size"  style="text-indent:0em" >Our human practices involve in several aspects including biosafety, social activity and public education. Our aSTARice is a genetically-modified organism, (GMO), so our work focuses on promotion of the knowledge for GMO and survey on people's concern about GMO.</div>
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<div class="h2_font_size">1. Survey</div>
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<div class="p_font_size">We hoped our human practice work could influence more ordinary people. So, we should understand the people's opinions towards GMO food. Thus we made a questionnaire about GMO.</div>
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<br>
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<div class="p_font_size">The data we have obtained in questionnaire is showing below:</div>
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<br>
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<div class="p_font_size">The respondents' proportion between men and women is approximately balanced. The number of age group from 18 to 25 is the majority. What's more, the respondents have a Bachelor degree or a higher degree.</div>
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</div>
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<div class="h3_font_size">1.1 The main contents</div>
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<br>
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<div class="p_font_size"><font style="font-weight:bold">Question 4:</font> Do you know what GMO is?</div>
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<div class="p_font_size">Analysis of the Q4: 4/5 of the respondents have a certain understanding for " GMO technology", 1/5 respondents don’t understand this technology or even know nothing about it. This suggests that the " GMO technology" is accepted by the majority of respondents.</div>
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<div class="p_font_size"><font style="font-weight:bold">Question 6:</font> Will you eat GMO food?</div>
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/0/08/T--SCAU-China--Engagement8.jpg">
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/9/99/T--SCAU-China--Engagement9.png">
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<div class="p_font_size">Analysis: About a third of the people can accept GMO food. 17% of people refused to eat GMO food. The data suggests that the public acceptance for GMO foods is improving.</div>
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<br>
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<div class="p_font_size"><font style="font-weight:bold">Question 11:</font> Is transgenosis beneficial or harmful in your opinion?</div>
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/9/96/T--SCAU-China--Engagement10.jpg">
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/6/62/T--SCAU-China--Engagement11.png">
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/4/4c/T--SCAU-China--Engagement12.png">
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="p_font_size">Analysis: Most people have a skeptical attitude to GMO. For respondents, GMO is an emerging technology. The public don't understand enough about GMO crops, so they cannot hold a certain attitude to it.</div>
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<br>
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<div class="p_font_size"><font style="font-weight:bold">Question 12:</font>Will you use GMO products (non-food)?</div>
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/2/29/T--SCAU-China--Engagement13.png">
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<br>
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<div class="p_font_size"><font style="font-weight:bold">Question 13:</font> Have you ever heard of skin care product that contains astaxanthin?</div>
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/ab/T--SCAU-China--Engagement14.jpg">
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</div>
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</div>
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/a1/T--SCAU-China--Engagement15.png">
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</div>
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</div>
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<br>
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<div class="p_font_size"><font style="font-weight:bold">Question 14:</font> Will you choose skin care product or health food which contains astaxanthin (GMO) ?</div>
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/a5/T--SCAU-China--Engagement16.png">
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="p_font_size">If new GMO foods were put into market, about half of people can fully accept. While the acceptance of GMO products (non-food) is even higher. However, our public do not know much about astaxanthin product at present, So we should enhance the propaganda.</div>
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<br>
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<div class="p_font_size">According to the data which we have got from investigation, we can see that most people are now holding a neutral attitude on development of GMO, so it's possible that we can help them to learn more about transgenic and dispel their qualm, thus making more people accept GMO products. So as to achieve this aim, we designed a series of interesting activities.
 
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<div class="h2_font_size">2. Spreading knowledge to our society</div>
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<div class="h3_font_size">2.1 Writing <font style="font-style:italic;font-weight:">GMO handbook</font></div>
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<div class="p_font_size">After participating in several lectures and talks, we learnt a lot. Later we wrote a handbook about GMO as a summary, which contains our answers to many questions about GMO. We can use this as educational material. The list below is content of our handbook.
      <ul class="nav">
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      <a id="Parts"></a>
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<div style="background-color:#D4F6E0">
      <li><a href="#Parts" class="on">Parts Table</a></li>
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<br>
      <li><a href="#Origin">Origin and function</a></li>
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<div class="h4_font_size" align="center"><font color="navy">the chapter of popular science</font></div>
      <li><a href="#Semi">Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis</a></li>
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<div class="h4_font_size"><font color="navy"><small>1.What do you eat</small></font></div>
  <li><a href="#Phenotype">Phenotype of transgenic rice</a></li>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>1. Brief introduction to genetically modified food that you eat</small></div>
  <li><a href="#Pigment">Pigment analysis</a></li>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>2. A reasonable concern——glyphosate</small></div>
  <li><a href="#Investigation">Investigation on T2 generation astaxanthin-produing rice</a></li>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>3. Better gm products</small></div>
 
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<div class="h4_font_size"><font color="navy"><small>2.Pathological obsession——Opposition to genetically modified</small></font></div>
      </ul>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>1.‘They’ want to confuse you</small></div>
 
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>2. The preliminary victory——Papaya</small></div>
      <div class="text">The parts we submit are listed at the table below.<br><br>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>3. Organic food is not more secure </small></div>
  <table width="479" border="1" align="center">
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>4. Being hated humanitarian projects——Golden rice</small></div>
  <tr>
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<br>
    <td width="119">Part name</td>
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<div class="h4_font_size" align="center"><font color="navy">the chapter of Genetically modified knowledge</font></div>
    <td width="273">Description</td>
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<div class="h4_font_size"><font color="navy"><small> 1.Basic knowledge of genetically modified</small></font></div>
    <td width="65">Length</td>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>1.What is  genetically modified</small></div>
  </tr>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>2.What's the relationship between genetic and biological traits</small></div>
  <tr>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>3.What is a genetically modified  technology and products</small></div>
    <td><p ><a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1959000" >BBa_K1959000</a></p></td>
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<div class="h4_font_size"><font color="navy"><small>2.The characteristics of the genetically modified technology</small></font></div>
    <td><p >PSY cds codon optimized for O.sativa.</p></td>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>1.What is the commonly used genetically modified (gm) technology</small></div>
    <td><p >1193 bp</p></td>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>2.What similarities and differences between transgenic technology and the traditional breeding</small></div>
  </tr>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>3.What are genetically modified (gm) technology applications</small></div>
  <tr>
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<div class="h4_font_size"><font color="navy"><small>3.The development of genetically modified</small></font></div>
    <td><p ><a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1959001" >BBa_K1959001</a></p></td>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>1.How is Genetically modified that produce and develop?</small></div>
    <td><p >Ctr&#8544; cds codon optimized for O.sativa.</p></td>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>2.What are genetically modified  research direction in the global</small></div>
    <td><p >1650 bp</p></td>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>3.What is the matter of the industrialization of the genetically modified organisms</small></div>
  </tr>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>4.Genetically modified technology development present situation</small></div>
  <tr>
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<br>
    <td><p ><a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1959002" >BBa_K1959002</a></p></td>
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<div class="h4_font_size" align="center"><font color="navy">the chapter of Safety regulation</font></div>
    <td><p >BHY cds codon optimized for O.sativa.</p></td>
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<div class="h4_font_size"><font color="navy"><small>1.Genetically modified product safety</small></font></div>
    <td><p >1053 bp</p></td>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>1.what aspects that Genetically modified product safety involves</small></div>
  </tr>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>2.What's the argument about Genetically modified product safety?</small></div>
  <tr>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>3.How to evaluate the safety of genetically modified products</small></div>
    <td><p ><a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1959003" >BBa_K1959003</a></p></td>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>4.Can we detect genetically modified ingredients</small></div>
    <td><p >BKT cds codon optimized for O.sativa.</p></td>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>5.What are genetically modified organisms test method</small></div>
    <td><p >1158 bp</p></td>
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<div class="h4_font_size"><font color="navy"><small>2.Genetically modified regulatory policy</small></font></div>
  </tr>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>1. How to regulate genetically modified (gm) technology and its products</small></div>
</table>
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<br>
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<div class="h4_font_size" align="center"><font color="navy">the chapter of SCAU-CHINA team</font></div>
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<div class="h4_font_size"><font color="navy"><small>1.SCAU-CHINA team</small></font></div>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>1.What is iGEM?</small></div>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>2.Who is SCAU-CHINA team?</small></div>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>3.What is the project of SCAU-CHINA?</small></div>
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<div class="h4_font_size"><font color="navy"><small>2.SCAU-CHINA team’s Project results——Astaxanthin rice</small></font></div>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>1.the introduction of Technical principle</small></div>
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<div class="p_font_size"><small>2.Technology application</small></div>
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</div>
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<div class="h3_font_size"><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/a1/Handbook.pdf" text-decoration=underline>If you want to read more about our handbook, you can download it here!</a></div>
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<div class="h3_font_size">2.2 Bauhinia Festival of Science and Culture</div>
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/5/5b/T--SCAU-China--Gold15.png">
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</div>
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<div class="p_font_size">In our university, the annual Bauhinia Festival of Science, Technology and Culture is a great activity, thousands of citizens in Guangzhou gather together in SCAU to enjoy the beautiful flower of bauhinia and new research in our university. This year, we seized this opportunity and showed interesting biology to many visitors, mostly young persons and children. We showed microscope and tissue culture technology. We made some beautiful postcards about SCAU or iGEM. We brought some books and brochures about some laws and funny things about GMO. For example, sweet potato has some DNA originating from Agrobacterium, which means they are natural transgenic in the world.</div>
 +
<div class="row" style="margin-top:20px">
 +
<div class="col s6" align="center">
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive col s11" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/d/dd/T--SCAU-China--Engagement19.png">
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<div class="p_font_size">Our work turned out to be a great success. The most famous newspaper in our city--Guangzhou Daily interviewed our team leader and reported us with a brief introduction of our project and this activity. SCAU newspaper and SCAU Official WeChat also highlighted our activities.</div>
 +
<br>
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<div class="col s2"></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<br>
 +
<div class="h3_font_size">2.3 Education</div>
 +
<div class="p_font_size">Our education included spreading scientific knowledge to the kids and farmers in the countrysides and giving courses for high school students.
 +
</div>
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<div class="row" style="margin-top:20px">
 +
<div class="col s1"></div>
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<div class="col s10" align="center">
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/d/d6/T--SCAU-China--Engagement29.png">
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</div>
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/ab/T--SCAU-China--Engagement30.png">
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</div>
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</div>
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<br>
 +
<div class="h3_font_size">2.4 Spread scientific knowledge to countrysides</div>
 +
<div class="p_font_size">Our country is a developing country and those people in countrysides can hardly get as much information and knowledge as those in cities. So we decided to do more efforts to spread our knowledge to farmers and students in countrysides. We sent our educational handbooks to farmers and rural schools in Qingyuan, Shaoguan, Maoming and Zhaoqing of Guangdong province.</div>
 +
<div class="row" style="margin-top:20px">
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<div class="col s1"></div>
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<div class="col s10" align="center">
 +
<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" width="800px" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/7/7b/T--SCAU-China--Intergrated39.jpg">
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
<div class="p_font_size">The handbooks contain lots of information about modern methods of cultivating the local specialty crops, including protocol of cultivating watermelon and papaya fruit in modern way. It's possible that we can help some people in countryside who are eager to get more information on agriculture, and they might generally accept modern agriculture or even GMO crops.</div>
 +
<br>
 +
<div class="p_font_size">Our teammates gave basic and funny biology courses in primary schools in countrysides. Our lessons may influence their lives and change their fate.
 +
</div>
 +
<br>
 +
<div class="h3_font_size">2.5 Giving courses for high school students</div>
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/4/49/T--SCAU-China--Engagement31.png">
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="p_font_size">We also gave courses for high school students of Guangzhou NO.47 Middle School, Guangdong experimental High School and Guangdong Guangya High School. Our courses mainly focused on the advance research in biological areas in these years, especially synthetic biology. We've also introduced iGEM to them and showed them how to take part in iGEM as a high school student. After that, we also built up a good relationship with a high school group from Guangdong experimental High School and Guangdong Guangya High School.
 +
</div>
 +
<br>
 +
<div class="p_font_size">According to the feedback, the students have a better understanding of biology after our lessons. It's quite a good experience to communicate with middle school students and teach them what we've obtained in taking iGEM competition and doing biological research.
 +
</div>
 +
<br>
 +
<div class="h3_font_size">2.6 Exhibitions in the entrepreneurship-space</div>
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<div class="row" style="margin-top:20px">
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<div class="col s6" align="center">
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsivecol s11" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/d/d6/T--SCAU-China--Engagement32.png">
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</div>
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<div class="col s6" align="center">
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<img alt="image" class="img-responsive col s11" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/b/b6/T--SCAU-China--Engagement33.png">
 +
</div>
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</div>
 +
<div class="p_font_size">According to investigation, it seems that people are not very willing to use astaxanthin. So we participated in several exhibitions in the entrepreneurship-space and showed our posters about astaxanthin and aSTARice. These exhibitions were so successful that attracted the attention of the whole society, even some officials from native government attended.
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<script src="https://2016.igem.org/Team:SCAU-China/jsfile?action=raw&ctype=text/javascript"></script>  <!--mater-->
  
  
    </div>
 
   
 
    <div class="vecter">
 
      <ul class="nav">
 
      <a id="Origin"></a>
 
    <li><a href="#Parts">Parts Table</a></li>
 
      <li><a href="#Origin" class="on">Origin and function</a></li>
 
      <li><a href="#Semi">Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Phenotype">Phenotype of transgenic rice</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Pigment">Pigment analysis</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Investigation">Investigation on T2 generation astaxanthin-produing rice</a></li>
 
      </ul>
 
      <div class="text">
 
  (1) K195900<br><br>
 
  This part is the coding sequence of phytoene synthase (PSY) from Zea mays. Codon optimized for expression in Orazy sativa. PSY is part of beta-carotene biosynthesis pathway and it catalyzes the conversion of gerarylgeranyl diphosphate to phytoene.
 
</div> 
 
  <div class="img">
 
      <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/4/48/T--SCAU-China--part1.png">
 
      </div>
 
        <div class="text">
 
  Reaction catalyzed by PSY<br><br>
 
  2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate → 15-cis-phytoene + diphosphate.<br><br>
 
  (2) K1959001<br><br>
 
  This part is the phytoene desaturase (Crt I) from Erwinia uredovora fused with Pea transit peptide. It is codon optimized for Orazy sativa. Bacterial phytoene desaturase catalyzes conversion of phytoene to lyscoene.
 
</div>
 
  <div class="img">
 
      <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/f/f8/T--SCAU-China--part2.png">
 
      </div>
 
<div class="text">
 
  Reaction catalyzed by Crt I<br><br>
 
  15-cis-phytoene + 4 Acceptors → all-trans-lycopene + 4 Reduced acceptors<br><br>
 
  (3)K1959002<br><br>
 
This part is the beta-carotene hydroxylase (BHY) coding sequence from Haematococcus pluvialis. The Pea transit peptide is functionally fused with BHY in order to help BHY polypeptide folding correctly. BHY sequence is codon optimized for expression in Orazy sativa. The BHY is part of astaxanthin biosynthesis pathway and it catalyzes conversion of beta-carotene to zeaxanthin.
 
</div>
 
  <div class="img">
 
      <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/2/20/T--SCAU-China--part3.png">
 
      </div>
 
<div class="text">
 
  Reaction catalyzed by BHY<br><br>
 
  Beta-carotene + 2NADH + Oxygen → Zeaxanthin + 2NAD+ + 2H2O<br><br>
 
  (4)K1959003<br><br>
 
This part containg Pea transit peptide and coding sequence of beta-carotene ketolase (BKT). BKT catalyzes zeaxanthin to astaxanthin. Codon optimization has been made for expression in Orazy sativa.
 
Reaction catalyzed by BKT
 
</div>
 
  <div class="img">
 
      <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/6/63/T--SCAU-China--part4.png">
 
      </div>
 
<div class="text">
 
  Zeaxanthin + 2 Oxygen → Astaxanthin + 2H2O
 
</div>
 
 
    </div>
 
   
 
    <div class="vecter">
 
      <ul class="nav">
 
      <a id="Semi"></a>
 
      <li><a href="#Parts">Parts Table</a></li>
 
      <li><a href="#Origin">Origin and function</a></li>
 
      <li><a href="#Semi" class="on">Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Phenotype">Phenotype of transgenic rice</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Pigment">Pigment analysis</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Investigation">Investigation on T2 generation astaxanthin-produing rice</a></li>
 
      </ul>
 
      <div class="text">Transcription levels of the four transgenes (PSY, Crt I, BHY, BKT) are analyzed by performing semi-quantitative RT-PCR, Actin is served as internal control. Total RNA is extracted from astaxanthin-containing seeds and amplified using specific primers. Expected band representing the correspond genes can be detected in transformants while no band is observed in wild-type. <br><br>
 
  The RT-PCR result demonstrates that all of four transgenes is capable to transcript in rice endosperm. To a certain extent, the result also indicates that the astaxanthin biosynthesis pathway is worked in the rice endosperm.
 
</div> 
 
  <div class="img">
 
      <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/d/dc/T--SCAU-China--part5.png">
 
      </div>
 
        <div class="text">Fig.N    RT-PCR analysis of expression of CrtI, PSY, BKY,BHT genes intransformants, Actin serves as internal control. CK+, positive control (PCR product amplified from plasmid pYLTAC380MF-BBPC using specific primers ). <br><br>
 
  WT, negetive control (RT-PCR product of HG1 total RNA).
 
</div> 
 
 
    </div>
 
 
    <div class="vecter">
 
      <ul class="nav">
 
      <a id="Phenotype"></a>
 
      <li><a href="#Parts">Parts Table</a></li>
 
      <li><a href="#Origin">Origin and function</a></li>
 
      <li><a href="#Semi">Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Phenotype" class="on">Phenotype of transgenic rice</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Pigment">Pigment analysis</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Investigation">Investigation on T2 generation astaxanthin-produing rice</a></li>
 
      </ul>
 
      <div class="text">Polished transgenic seeds present in a orange color, indicating certain astaxanthin content. Wild-type rice without astaxanthin accumulation remains colorless. Inside situation of the endosperm is shown at the cross-section photo. The entire endosperm is stained in orange, representing the homogeneous distribution of astaxanthin.
 
</div> 
 
  <div class="img">
 
      <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/4/4b/T--SCAU-China--part6.png"></p>
 
  <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/a4/T--SCAU-China--part7.png"></p>
 
      </div>
 
  <div class="text">Fig.n  The top and cross-sectional view of phenotype of Huguang1 (O.sativa.spp.indica) wild-type and transgenic rice.
 
</div>
 
 
    </div>
 
 
    <div class="vecter">
 
      <ul class="nav">
 
      <a id="Pigment"></a>
 
      <li><a href="#Parts">Parts Table</a></li>
 
      <li><a href="#Origin">Origin and function</a></li>
 
      <li><a href="#Semi">Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Phenotype">Phenotype of transgenic rice</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Pigment" class="on">Pigment analysis</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Investigation">Investigation on T2 generation astaxanthin-produing rice</a></li>
 
      </ul>
 
      <div class="text">The T1 generation seeds of wild-type and transgenic lines are subjected to astaxanthin extraction and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to analyze the pigment composition and astaxanthin content. Astaxanthin is indentified on the basis of retention times relative to standard compound. <br><br>
 
  Content is determined by integrating peak areas and converted to concentration. According to the retention time of standard astaxanthin compound, astaxanthin production in rice endosperm can be confirmed. <br><br>
 
  The HPLC also result shown that astaxanthin is the predominant carotenoid, while some new compounds are synthesized in conjunction with astaxanthin production. These compounds may be the intermediate products during astaxanthin biosynthesis. Further investigations are needed to identify these new compounds. Astaxanthin content in 1g of polished rice in both transgenic and wild-type rice are shown at Table.2 . <br><br>
 
  Table.2 Astaxanthin content in wild-type and transgenic rice<br><br>
 
  <table width="285" height="127" border="1" align="center">
 
  <tr>
 
    <td width="124" height="48" align="center" valign="middle">HG-WT </td>
 
    <td width="145" align="center" valign="middle">HG-380MF-BBPC</td>
 
  </tr>
 
  <tr>
 
    <td align="center" valign="middle"><p >0ug/g</p></td>
 
    <td align="center" valign="middle"><p >7.91 ug/g</p></td>
 
  </tr>
 
</table>
 
 
</div> 
 
 
 
 
    </div>
 
 
    <div class="vecter">
 
      <ul class="nav">
 
      <a id="Investigation"></a>
 
      <li><a href="#Parts">Parts Table</a></li>
 
      <li><a href="#Origin">Origin and function</a></li>
 
      <li><a href="#Semi">Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Phenotype">Phenotype of transgenic rice</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Pigment">Pigment analysis</a></li>
 
  <li><a href="#Investigation" class="on">Investigation on T2 generation astaxanthin-produing rice</a></li>
 
      </ul>
 
      <div class="text">The T2 generation (the third generation ) seeds were harvested at the end of September this year and we performed quantitative RT-PCR as well as HPLC analysis subsequently. Several transgenic lines were chosen for investigation. <br><br>
 
  As the results shown in the diagram, astaxanthin content varies from lines, some lines remain stable astaxanthin production while some synthesize in a low level. Supported by the quantitative RT-PCR analysis, the low content of astaxanthin in the endosperm of transgenic lines are associated with poor transcriptional activity of one of genes (BHY, which no obvious transcriptional activity is detected in four lines). The investigation demonstrates that astaxanthin biosynthesis accomplishes only under the well cooperation of the four genes, repression occurred on just one gene will badly diminish the astaxanthin content. Reasons why BHY gene is inactive in some T2 lines remain unknown and further research is needed to figure out the origins of this phenomenon. 
 
</div> 
 
<div class="img">
 
      <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/0/04/T--SCAU-China--part8.png">
 
      </div>
 
  <div class="text">Fig N    Relative expression levels of astaxanthin biosynthetic genes and astaxanthin content in seeds of wild-type and T2 generation of transformants.  <br><br>
 
  The levels of expression are normalized to actin transcript level which is set as 1. <br><br>
 
  The data represent average values from the analysis of three different plants. <br><br>
 
  Error bars indicate ± SEM. dwt, dry weight.
 
</div> 
 
 
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Latest revision as of 03:03, 20 October 2016

SCAU

Gold
Our human practices involve in several aspects including biosafety, social activity and public education. Our aSTARice is a genetically-modified organism, (GMO), so our work focuses on promotion of the knowledge for GMO and survey on people's concern about GMO.
1. Survey
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We hoped our human practice work could influence more ordinary people. So, we should understand the people's opinions towards GMO food. Thus we made a questionnaire about GMO.

The data we have obtained in questionnaire is showing below:

The respondents' proportion between men and women is approximately balanced. The number of age group from 18 to 25 is the majority. What's more, the respondents have a Bachelor degree or a higher degree.
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1.1 The main contents

Question 4: Do you know what GMO is?
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Analysis of the Q4: 4/5 of the respondents have a certain understanding for " GMO technology", 1/5 respondents don’t understand this technology or even know nothing about it. This suggests that the " GMO technology" is accepted by the majority of respondents.

Question 6: Will you eat GMO food?
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Analysis: About a third of the people can accept GMO food. 17% of people refused to eat GMO food. The data suggests that the public acceptance for GMO foods is improving.

Question 11: Is transgenosis beneficial or harmful in your opinion?
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Analysis: Most people have a skeptical attitude to GMO. For respondents, GMO is an emerging technology. The public don't understand enough about GMO crops, so they cannot hold a certain attitude to it.

Question 12:Will you use GMO products (non-food)?
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Question 13: Have you ever heard of skin care product that contains astaxanthin?
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Question 14: Will you choose skin care product or health food which contains astaxanthin (GMO) ?
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If new GMO foods were put into market, about half of people can fully accept. While the acceptance of GMO products (non-food) is even higher. However, our public do not know much about astaxanthin product at present, So we should enhance the propaganda.

According to the data which we have got from investigation, we can see that most people are now holding a neutral attitude on development of GMO, so it's possible that we can help them to learn more about transgenic and dispel their qualm, thus making more people accept GMO products. So as to achieve this aim, we designed a series of interesting activities.

2. Spreading knowledge to our society
2.1 Writing GMO handbook
After participating in several lectures and talks, we learnt a lot. Later we wrote a handbook about GMO as a summary, which contains our answers to many questions about GMO. We can use this as educational material. The list below is content of our handbook.

the chapter of popular science
1.What do you eat
1. Brief introduction to genetically modified food that you eat
2. A reasonable concern——glyphosate
3. Better gm products
2.Pathological obsession——Opposition to genetically modified
1.‘They’ want to confuse you
2. The preliminary victory——Papaya
3. Organic food is not more secure
4. Being hated humanitarian projects——Golden rice

the chapter of Genetically modified knowledge
1.Basic knowledge of genetically modified
1.What is genetically modified
2.What's the relationship between genetic and biological traits
3.What is a genetically modified technology and products
2.The characteristics of the genetically modified technology
1.What is the commonly used genetically modified (gm) technology
2.What similarities and differences between transgenic technology and the traditional breeding
3.What are genetically modified (gm) technology applications
3.The development of genetically modified
1.How is Genetically modified that produce and develop?
2.What are genetically modified research direction in the global
3.What is the matter of the industrialization of the genetically modified organisms
4.Genetically modified technology development present situation

the chapter of Safety regulation
1.Genetically modified product safety
1.what aspects that Genetically modified product safety involves
2.What's the argument about Genetically modified product safety?
3.How to evaluate the safety of genetically modified products
4.Can we detect genetically modified ingredients
5.What are genetically modified organisms test method
2.Genetically modified regulatory policy
1. How to regulate genetically modified (gm) technology and its products

the chapter of SCAU-CHINA team
1.SCAU-CHINA team
1.What is iGEM?
2.Who is SCAU-CHINA team?
3.What is the project of SCAU-CHINA?
2.SCAU-CHINA team’s Project results——Astaxanthin rice
1.the introduction of Technical principle
2.Technology application

2.2 Bauhinia Festival of Science and Culture
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In our university, the annual Bauhinia Festival of Science, Technology and Culture is a great activity, thousands of citizens in Guangzhou gather together in SCAU to enjoy the beautiful flower of bauhinia and new research in our university. This year, we seized this opportunity and showed interesting biology to many visitors, mostly young persons and children. We showed microscope and tissue culture technology. We made some beautiful postcards about SCAU or iGEM. We brought some books and brochures about some laws and funny things about GMO. For example, sweet potato has some DNA originating from Agrobacterium, which means they are natural transgenic in the world.
image
image
image
image
image
image
Our work turned out to be a great success. The most famous newspaper in our city--Guangzhou Daily interviewed our team leader and reported us with a brief introduction of our project and this activity. SCAU newspaper and SCAU Official WeChat also highlighted our activities.

image

2.3 Education
Our education included spreading scientific knowledge to the kids and farmers in the countrysides and giving courses for high school students.
image
image

2.4 Spread scientific knowledge to countrysides
Our country is a developing country and those people in countrysides can hardly get as much information and knowledge as those in cities. So we decided to do more efforts to spread our knowledge to farmers and students in countrysides. We sent our educational handbooks to farmers and rural schools in Qingyuan, Shaoguan, Maoming and Zhaoqing of Guangdong province.
image
The handbooks contain lots of information about modern methods of cultivating the local specialty crops, including protocol of cultivating watermelon and papaya fruit in modern way. It's possible that we can help some people in countryside who are eager to get more information on agriculture, and they might generally accept modern agriculture or even GMO crops.

Our teammates gave basic and funny biology courses in primary schools in countrysides. Our lessons may influence their lives and change their fate.

2.5 Giving courses for high school students
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We also gave courses for high school students of Guangzhou NO.47 Middle School, Guangdong experimental High School and Guangdong Guangya High School. Our courses mainly focused on the advance research in biological areas in these years, especially synthetic biology. We've also introduced iGEM to them and showed them how to take part in iGEM as a high school student. After that, we also built up a good relationship with a high school group from Guangdong experimental High School and Guangdong Guangya High School.

According to the feedback, the students have a better understanding of biology after our lessons. It's quite a good experience to communicate with middle school students and teach them what we've obtained in taking iGEM competition and doing biological research.

2.6 Exhibitions in the entrepreneurship-space
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According to investigation, it seems that people are not very willing to use astaxanthin. So we participated in several exhibitions in the entrepreneurship-space and showed our posters about astaxanthin and aSTARice. These exhibitions were so successful that attracted the attention of the whole society, even some officials from native government attended.