Difference between revisions of "Team:Stony Brook"

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      1px 1px 0 #FFFFFF;" <!--- border:2px; border-style:solid; border-color:#FFFFFF; padding: 1em;" --!> <strong> Stony Brook University
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                <li><a href="/Team:ColumbiaU_NYC/Project">About</a></li>
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<br>
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                <li><a href="/Team:ColumbiaU_NYC/Team">People</a></li>
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                <li><a href="/Team:ColumbiaU_NYC/Parts">Parts</a></li>
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<br> iGEM </strong></h1>
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            <h1>Project Description</h1>
 
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            <p> If you were to ask your friend to list the most deadly
 
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            animals, he or she would probably include lions, tigers,
 
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            and bears (oh my!). However, they may be surprised to hear
 
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            that the mosquito deserves a high place on this
 
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            list. According to the World Health Organization,
 
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            mosquitos account for more than one million deaths
 
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            annually. These deaths are caused by mosquito-borne
 
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            illnesses including West Nile virus, elephantiasis, dengue
 
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            fever, yellow fever, malaria, and more recently Zika. With
 
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            the recent outbreak of the Zika virus, the World Health
 
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            Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and
 
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            Prevention have labeled Zika as an international health
 
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            concern. With no known treatments or vaccines currently
 
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            available, prevention is the only option to combat
 
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            Zika. </p>
 
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            <p> Citronella oil and DEET are the main commercially
 
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            available repellents against Zika-carrying mosquitos, yet
 
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            these products possess several shortcomings. Each
 
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            repellent stops being effective approximately three hours
 
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            after application. However, many users are unaware of this
 
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            time frame. Consequently, they are unprepared to reapply
 
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            and are left unprotected. Applying current mosquito
 
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            repellent can lead to a false sense of security, which can
 
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            cause a person to be more prone to mosquito bites. While
 
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            citronella oil has a lower efficacy than DEET, DEET has
 
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            been shown to be harmful to skin, causing painful
 
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            rashes. DEET is also harmful to the environment since its
 
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            chemical runoffs can disrupt neighboring
 
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            wildlife. Although DEET and citronella oil are viable
 
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            mosquito repellents, they are by no means ideal.</p>
 
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            <p> Our project hopes to provide a safe, long-lasting
 
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            mosquito repellent using microbiome. Recent research has
 
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            shown that the biomolecule di-rhamnolipids, naturally
 
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            produced by <em>Pseudomonas Aeruginosas</em>, effectively
 
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            repels mosquitos at low concentrations. This biomolecule
 
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            is safer than DEET and more effective than citronella
 
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            oil. However, di-rhamnolipids are expensive to produce
 
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            synthetically. Furthermore, although naturally found on
 
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            human skin, <em>Pseudomonas Aeruginosas</em> is known to
 
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            be pathogenic. <em>Pseudomonas Putida, </em>an
 
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            environmental strain found in soil, survives well on most
 
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            surfaces, and is non-pathogenic. Using <em>Putida</em>, we
 
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            are designing a safe bacteria strain to produce
 
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            rhamnolipids. As a more long-term option, we will also be
 
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            modifying <em>Staphylococcus Epidermidis</em>, a natural
 
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            skin microbe, to produce rhamnolipids. The probiotics
 
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            would be applied to the skin via a lotion rather than a
 
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            spray like most repellents to prevent the loss of the
 
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            product to the environment. These bacteria would
 
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            continuously produce the mosquito repellent on the skin
 
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            thereby increasing duration of efficacy as well as cost
 
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            effectiveness as less repellent would need to be
 
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            purchased. </p>
 
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            <p> The experimental plan is as follows: building a
 
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            recombinant plasmid with the genes necessary to produce
 
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            rhamnolipids, transforming this plasmid into Pseudomonas
 
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            Putida and Staphylococcus Epidermidis, and quantifying the
 
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            amount of rhamnolipids produced by these engineered
 
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            strains. Rhamnolipid will be quantified using TLC, CTAB
 
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            assay, Orcinol Assay, and various spectrometry techniques
 
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            such as MS, HPLC-MS, and SFC-MS. Additionally, we will do
 
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            experiments to analyze the effects such biosynthetic
 
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            repellent will have on mosquitoes. Ultimately, we plan to
 
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            analyze the effects rhamnolipids have on skin by
 
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            conducting experiments in mice. Lastly, we hope to conduct
 
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            experiments that include both mice and mosquitoes to
 
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            assess to what extent the repellent is effective. </p>
 
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                    <p>116th Street and Broadway, New York, NY 10027</p>
 
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                    Contact | Sponsors | Policy | Resources
 
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Latest revision as of 16:19, 19 October 2016

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