Difference between revisions of "Team:NAU-CHINA/Design"

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<h3>★  ALERT! </h3>
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<p>This page is used by the judges to evaluate your team for the <a href="https://2016.igem.org/Judging/Awards#Special_Prizes"> design special prize</a>. </p>
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By talking about your design work on this page, there is one medal criterion that you can attempt to meet, and one award that you can apply for. If your team is going for a gold medal by building a functional prototype, you should tell us what you did on this page.
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If you are working on art and design as your main project, please join the art and design track. If you are integrating art and design into the core of your main project, please apply for the award by completing this page.
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<p>Teams who want to focus on art and design should be in the art and design special track. If you want to have a sub-project in this area, you should compete for this award.</p>
 
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<h1>Applied Design</h1>
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<p>For being eager to take the first steps to <b style="color: red;"">make our project real</b>, we designed a physcial unit applied in the field to <b style="color: red;">purify farmland runoff water</b> (regarded as the main factor of agricultral pollution<sup>[1]</sup>) <b style="color: red;">including 3-PBA and pyrethroids.</b></p>
 +
<p>Through <b style="color: red;">farmland investigation,</b> we found runoff water from cropland was seldom collected and purified. Based on our questionnaire, about 10% of interviewees come from rural areas, but only 3.5% of the whole interviewees know that pyrethroids are widely used pesticides in agricultural production and its harm to ecology, so that most people in rural areas lack the awareness of pesticide pollution in agriculture. <b style="color: red;">Based on documents</b>, we found 1) people had no idea about farmland runoff water disposal <sup>[2]</sup>. 2) people in the research institutes always want to use plant ryegrass and photinia fraseri to lighten contamination<sup>[3]</sup>. 3) The ponds can collect the contaminant <sup>[4]</sup>.</p>
 +
<p>To put the engineered bacteria into practice, some <b style="color: red;">issues</b> have to be handled.</p>
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>Pyrethroids biodegradation in the unit</li>
 +
<li>Meeting the standard of farmland discharge in China main land</li>
 +
<li>Real situation usage imagination</li>
 +
</ul>
 +
 +
<h2>Pyrethroids biodegradation in the unit</h2>
 +
<p>3-PBA comes from its parent compounds pyrethroids which are more frequently touched by the public and also is used as a generic biomarker for multiple pyrethroids exposure for pyrethroid residues in the environment. Both 3-PBA and pyrethroids can be found in the run off water. Sphingobium wenxiniae JZ-1 was designed to put into the unit to degrade pyrethroids.</p>
 +
 +
<h2>Meeting the standard of farmland discharge in China main land</h2>
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>pH=5.5～8.5</li>
 +
<li>BOD < 80～100 mg/L</li>
 +
<li>COD < 100～200 mg/L</li>
 +
<li>SS < 90～150 mg/L</li>
 +
<li>Fecal Escherichia coli < 10000 per liter</li>
 +
<li>Number of ascaris eggs < 2 per liter</li>
 +
</ul>
 +
 +
<p>According to the urban sewage treatment method , sedimentation , sludge treatment ,  disinfecton<sup>[5]</sup> can cut down the index value to meet the standard.</p>
 +
<div class="imgbox">
 +
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/a/ad/T--NAU-CHINA--COLLA_FIG05.png">
 +
<p>Fig.The screen shoot cut for the 3D vision of the physcial unit</p>
 +
</div>
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<p>*The whole unit is divided into five rooms and they are numbered separately (the second room is  under the first room; number 5 is not marked and the fifth room is near the fourth room from right to left orientation ) and all the plates used to separate the unit into five rooms are covered by the 0.22μm bacterial membrane to prevent the bacterial escape.</p>
 +
 +
<p>On the bottom of the <b >first room</b> there is acticarbon to pretreat the water to be purified. The <b>second room</b> is used to degrade pyrethroids applying Sphingobium wenxiniae JZ-1. The <b>third room</b> is used to cut down the BOD and COD index value applying yeast and Actinobacillus. The <b>forth room</b> is used to degrade 3-PBA applying the engineered bacteria. The <b>fifth room</b> is used to sterilize together with flocculant to sludge. All the microbe referred can be fed up by semisolid culture-medium<sup>[6,7]</sup>. The unit is pumped.</p>
 +
<p><b style="color: blue;"><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/9/95/T--NAU-CHINA--PROJECT_AD.pptx">Click to download the powerpoint to see the working process.</a></b></p>
 +
 +
<h2>Real situation usage imagination</h2>
 +
<div class="imgbox">
 +
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2016/f/f6/NAU_CHINA_APPLIED.jpeg" class="imgbox">
 +
</div>
 +
<p>The physical unit will be put into the places applied pyrethroids to achieve its value. Set a man-made pond(①) to collect pyrethroids and 3-PBA and the physical unit(②) is beside the pond. Between the pond and the place applied pyrethroids(③) there is a moderate climb(④) to help the pyrethroids and 3-PBA collecting. Avoiding to pollute the drinking water source the man-made pond should be at least away from the water source 90 meters.</p>
 +
 +
<h2>Reference</h2>
 +
<p>[1] An-Ji HE, Huang Y. Research Progress and Improvement of Rural Wastewater Treatment Technology. Environmental Science & Technology 2010.</p>
 +
<p>[2]ZHANG Li-jian, CAI DX. A Study of Agricultural Tridimension Pollution and Discussion On Its Control.Scientia Agricultura Sinica 2005,38(2):350-357.</p>
 +
<p>[3] Hong-Xiang HU, Zhu XH, Huang JY, You-Hua MA, Yan P. Research of Ditch Ecological Interception of Nitrogen and Phosphorus. Journal of Soil & Water Conservation 2010;24:141-5.</p>
 +
<p>[4] Luo A, Yu X, Zhang C, Zhu S, Liu X. Research progress of residue analysis for pyrethroids. Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2004;20.</p>
 +
<p>[5] Wenning TNZLZZX. An efficient domestic wastewater treatment facility——high-performance integrated purification tank. Techniques & Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control 2004.</p>
 +
<p>[6]HU Hong-Ying, He M.The Strategy of Polluted River Water Purification and Ecological Restoration Technology.[J].Water Supply and Drainage,2005,31(4):1-9.</p>
 +
<p>[7]Zhang X，Liu X，Luo Y，et al. Evaluation of water quality in an agricultural watershed as affected by almond pest management of practices [J].Water Research. 2008，42(14):3685-3696.</p>
 +
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Latest revision as of 15:18, 19 October 2016



Applied Design

For being eager to take the first steps to make our project real, we designed a physcial unit applied in the field to purify farmland runoff water (regarded as the main factor of agricultral pollution[1]) including 3-PBA and pyrethroids.

Through farmland investigation, we found runoff water from cropland was seldom collected and purified. Based on our questionnaire, about 10% of interviewees come from rural areas, but only 3.5% of the whole interviewees know that pyrethroids are widely used pesticides in agricultural production and its harm to ecology, so that most people in rural areas lack the awareness of pesticide pollution in agriculture. Based on documents, we found 1) people had no idea about farmland runoff water disposal [2]. 2) people in the research institutes always want to use plant ryegrass and photinia fraseri to lighten contamination[3]. 3) The ponds can collect the contaminant [4].

To put the engineered bacteria into practice, some issues have to be handled.

  • Pyrethroids biodegradation in the unit
  • Meeting the standard of farmland discharge in China main land
  • Real situation usage imagination

Pyrethroids biodegradation in the unit

3-PBA comes from its parent compounds pyrethroids which are more frequently touched by the public and also is used as a generic biomarker for multiple pyrethroids exposure for pyrethroid residues in the environment. Both 3-PBA and pyrethroids can be found in the run off water. Sphingobium wenxiniae JZ-1 was designed to put into the unit to degrade pyrethroids.

Meeting the standard of farmland discharge in China main land

  • pH=5.5～8.5
  • BOD < 80～100 mg/L
  • COD < 100～200 mg/L
  • SS < 90～150 mg/L
  • Fecal Escherichia coli < 10000 per liter
  • Number of ascaris eggs < 2 per liter

According to the urban sewage treatment method , sedimentation , sludge treatment , disinfecton[5] can cut down the index value to meet the standard.

Fig.The screen shoot cut for the 3D vision of the physcial unit

*The whole unit is divided into five rooms and they are numbered separately (the second room is under the first room; number 5 is not marked and the fifth room is near the fourth room from right to left orientation ) and all the plates used to separate the unit into five rooms are covered by the 0.22μm bacterial membrane to prevent the bacterial escape.

On the bottom of the first room there is acticarbon to pretreat the water to be purified. The second room is used to degrade pyrethroids applying Sphingobium wenxiniae JZ-1. The third room is used to cut down the BOD and COD index value applying yeast and Actinobacillus. The forth room is used to degrade 3-PBA applying the engineered bacteria. The fifth room is used to sterilize together with flocculant to sludge. All the microbe referred can be fed up by semisolid culture-medium[6,7]. The unit is pumped.

Click to download the powerpoint to see the working process.

Real situation usage imagination

The physical unit will be put into the places applied pyrethroids to achieve its value. Set a man-made pond(①) to collect pyrethroids and 3-PBA and the physical unit(②) is beside the pond. Between the pond and the place applied pyrethroids(③) there is a moderate climb(④) to help the pyrethroids and 3-PBA collecting. Avoiding to pollute the drinking water source the man-made pond should be at least away from the water source 90 meters.

Reference

[1] An-Ji HE, Huang Y. Research Progress and Improvement of Rural Wastewater Treatment Technology. Environmental Science & Technology 2010.

[2]ZHANG Li-jian, CAI DX. A Study of Agricultural Tridimension Pollution and Discussion On Its Control.Scientia Agricultura Sinica 2005,38(2):350-357.

[3] Hong-Xiang HU, Zhu XH, Huang JY, You-Hua MA, Yan P. Research of Ditch Ecological Interception of Nitrogen and Phosphorus. Journal of Soil & Water Conservation 2010;24:141-5.

[4] Luo A, Yu X, Zhang C, Zhu S, Liu X. Research progress of residue analysis for pyrethroids. Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2004;20.

[5] Wenning TNZLZZX. An efficient domestic wastewater treatment facility——high-performance integrated purification tank. Techniques & Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control 2004.

[6]HU Hong-Ying, He M.The Strategy of Polluted River Water Purification and Ecological Restoration Technology.[J].Water Supply and Drainage,2005,31(4):1-9.

[7]Zhang X，Liu X，Luo Y，et al. Evaluation of water quality in an agricultural watershed as affected by almond pest management of practices [J].Water Research. 2008，42(14):3685-3696.